Ch 6 nail and hair anatomy

Question 1

What is nail matrix?

Answer 1

Actively growing part of nail at proximal end of nail body

Question 2

What is lunula?

Answer 2

Whiteish area on proximal end of nail body

Question 3

What are nail folds?

Answer 3

Folds of skin overlapping nail

Question 4

What is eponychium (cuticle)?

Answer 4

Narrow band of epidermis from nail wall to nail body

Question 5

What is hyponychium?

Answer 5

The free nail edge

Question 6

What is free edge?

Answer 6

No underlying capillaries (whiteish)

Question 7

What is nail body?

Answer 7

Underlying capillaries (pinkish)

Question 8

What is nail plate?

Answer 8

The nail edge, root, and body

Question 9

What is nail bed?

Answer 9

Layer of living epidermis covered by nail body

Question 10

What is nail root?

Answer 10

Part embedded in skin

Question 11

What is lanugo hair?

Answer 11

Fine, unpigmented, downy hair

Question 11

Where don’t we generally find hair?

Answer 11

Sole and palms

Question 12

What is vellus hair?

Answer 12

Fine hair, upper and lower limbs

Question 13

What is terminal hair?

Answer 13

Coarser, pigmented longer: scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes

Question 14

6 functions of hair

Answer 14

Protection, facial expression, heat, retention, sensory reception, visual identification, chemical signal dispersal

Question 15

What produces hair color?

Answer 15

Synthesis of melanin in matrix

Question 16

What causes gray hair?

Answer 16

Reduction in melanin

Question 17

What causes white hair?

Answer 17

Stoppage of melanin

Question 18

What are the three phases of hair growth?

Answer 18

Anagen, catagen, telogen

Question 19

What is anagen phase?

Answer 19

Active phase

Question 20

What is catagen phase?

Answer 20

Brief regression period

Question 21

What is telogen phase?

Answer 21

Resting phase

Question 22

What is hair matrix?

Answer 22

Structure at base, epithelial cells divide, and new cells produce

Question 23

What is medulla?

Answer 23

Flexible, soft keratin

Question 24

What is hair cuticle?

Answer 24

Single cell layer around cortex

Question 25

What is cortex?

Answer 25

Flattened cells closer to outer surface

Question 26

What is hair follicle?

Answer 26

Oblique tube surrounding hair root

Question 27

What is CT root sheath?

Answer 27

Hair follicle originating in dermis

Question 28

What is epithelial tissue root sheath?

Answer 28

Hair follicle originating from epidermis

Question 29

What is arrector pili?

Answer 29

Thin ribbons of smooth muscle and causes goosebumps