ch 2 pt 2 Flashcards by Maya Huggler | Brainscape

Q

Sharing e-

A

covalent

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Q

Sharing e- unequally

A

Polar

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Q

Sharing e- equally

A

Non-polar

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Q

Hydrophilic

A

polar

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Q

Hydrophobic

A

non-polar

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Q

Hydro stands for what?

A

water

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Q

Philic stands for what?

A

loving

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Q

What does Intermolecular attractions do?

A

Weak chemical attractions between molecules

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Q

Why are intermolecular attractions important?

A

They shape complex molecules

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Q

Examples of intermolecular attractions

A

DNA and proteins

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Q

Hydrogen bonds form from what?

A

Polar molecules

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Q

Hydrogen bonds individually are what?

A

weak

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Q

Hydrogen bonds together are what?

A

Strong

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Q

What influences how water molecules behave?

A

hydrogen bonds

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Q

Example of hydrophobic interactions

A

oil and water

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Q

What are hydrophobic interactions?

A

Nonpolar molecules placed in a polar substance

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Q

How much of the body is water weight?

A

2/3

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Q

3 phases of water

A

gas, liquid, solid

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Q

4 functions of liquid water

A

transport, lubricates, cushions, excretes waste

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Q

Example of transport

A

water

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Q

Example of lubricates

A

surous fluid

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Q

Example of cushions

A

water in cells

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Q

Example of excretes waste

A

urine

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Q

Adhesion

A

water stick to other substances

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Q

Surface tension

A

force doesn’t break, floats on top of water

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Q

Cohesion

A

water sticks to itself

Q

Specific heat

A

Water has a high specific heat due to energy needed to break hydrogen bonds

Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Form of energy by motion.

Q

What are solutes?

A

What’s being dissolved

Q

Heat of vaporization

A

How much heat is needed from a liquid to a gas

Q

Water is called what because most substances dissolve in it?

A

Universal solvent

Q

What is water of the body?

A

Solvent

Q

What are solvent?

A

What’s doing the dissolving

Q

What conducts currents?

A

Electrolytes

Q

What is hydration shell?

A

When water surrounds substances

Q

What is hydrophobic exclusion?

A

Cohesive water molecules “force out” nonpolar molecules

Q

What does phobic stand for?

A

Fearing

Q

Hydrophobic interaction does what?

A

Excludes molecules

Q

Whats the point of carrier proteins?

A

To get from one part of the body to another

Q

Amphipathic molecules have what region?

A

Both polar and nonpolar

Q

Phospholipid molecules are

A

amphipathic

Q

Polar heads have contact with what?

A

Water

Q

Water spontaneously dissociates to form what?

A

ions

Q

How long is the ph scale

A

14

Q

pH values of acid

A

0-6

Q

pH values of base

A

8-14

Q

pH value 7 is

A

neutral (water)

Q

The greatest H+ and strong acid is

A

0

Q

The strong base is on the pH value is

A

14

Q

Give H+

A

Acid

Q

Absorb H+

A

Base

Q

As H+ concentration increases, pH

A

decreases

Q

As H+ concentration decreases, pH

A

increases

Q

What is the pH value for human blood?

A

7.35-7.45

Q

pH value is what?

A

10 fold change

Q

Neutralization

A

Returns to neutral (pH 7)

Q

What does buffers do?

A

Helps prevent pH changes if excess acid or base is added

Q

What are mixtures?

A

Combining two or more substances together

Q

3 categories of water mixtures

A

suspension, colloid, solution

Q

Suspension motion

A

does not remain mixed unless in motion

Q

Colloid motion

A

remains mixed even not in motion

Q

Solution motion

A

does not settle if solution is not in motion

Q

Which water mixtures does not scatter light?

A

solution

Q

What is emulsion?

A

When a polar and nonpolar interaction won’t mix