ch 13 overview of brain anatomy

Question 1

What are the 4 major brain regions?

Answer 1

Cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum

Question 2

Three types in Diencephalon region.

Answer 2

Hypothalamus, thalamus, epithalamus

Question 3

Gyri =

Answer 3

Ridges

Question 4

Sulci =

Answer 4

Depressions between ridges

Question 5

Fissures =

Answer 5

Deep sulci

Question 6

Anterior =

Answer 6

Rostral

Question 7

Folds allow brain to fit within what?

Answer 7

Cranial cavity

Question 7

Posterior =

Answer 7

Caudal

Question 8

What is neurulation?

Answer 8

Folding process in vertebrate embryos, begins third week

Question 8

What is gray matter made of?

Answer 8

Made of neuron cell bodies, glial cell, and unmyelinated axons

Question 9

What is cortex?

Answer 9

The superficial layer of gray matter

Question 10

What makes the color of gray matter?

Answer 10

Nissl bodies, Rough ER

Question 11

CNS - cell bodies

Answer 11

Nuclei

Question 12

CNS - Axons

Answer 12

Tracts

Question 13

PNS - Cell bodies

Answer 13

Ganglion

Question 14

PNS - Axons

Answer 14

Nerves

Question 15

What are cranial meninges?

Answer 15

Three connective tissue layers

Question 16

What are the 3 meninges?

Answer 16

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

Question 17

What is pia mater?

Answer 17

Innermost of the meninges; surrounds the brain

Question 18

What is arachnoid mater?

Answer 18

Lies external to pia mater

Question 19

What tissue is pia mater?

Answer 19

Areolar connective tissue

Question 20

What is subarachnoid space?

Answer 20

Contains CSF

Question 21

What is dura mater?

Answer 21

Tough, outer membrane

Question 22

What is the tissue for dura mater?

Answer 22

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 23

What is the function for dense irregular CT?

Answer 23

Resists stretch in multiple directions

Question 24

What is epidural space?

Answer 24

Potential space between dura and skull

Question 25

What is cranial dural septa?

Answer 25

Sheets of dura mater and provide support

Question 26

What is falx cerebelli?

Answer 26

Separates left and right cerebellar hemispheres

Question 27

What is tentorium cerebelli?

Answer 27

Separates occipital and temporal lobes from cerebellum

Question 28

What are ventricles?

Answer 28

Spaces, contains CSF, connects with each other

Question 29

What does aperture do?

Answer 29

Allows CSF to get out of the circulation and goes around the spinal cord and brain

Question 30

What is CSF?

Answer 30

Clear, colorless liquid surrounding CNS

Question 31

What are the functions of CSF?

Answer 31

Reduces brains weight by 95%, provides liquid cushioning, transports nutrients/wastes

Question 32

Where does CSF come from?

Answer 32

Blood plasma

Question 32

What forms CSF?

Answer 32

Choroid plexus

Question 33

What makes blood-brain barrier?

Answer 33

Astrocytes

Question 34

What are the functions of blood-brain barrier?

Answer 34

Regulates which substances enter and helps prevent neuron exposure

Question 35

Primary brain vesicles (4th week)

Answer 35

Prosencephalon (midbrain), Mesencephalon (midbrain), Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

Question 36

Secondary brain vesicles (5th week)

Answer 36

Telencephalon, Diencephalon, Mesencephalon, Metencephalon, Myelencephalon

Question 37

Structure of Telencephalon

Answer 37

Cerebrum

Question 38

Structure of Diencephalon

Answer 38

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Epithalamus

Question 39

Structure of Mesencephalon

Answer 39

Midbrain

Question 40

Structure of Metencephalon

Answer 40

Pons and Cerebellum

Question 41

Structure of Myelencephalon

Answer 41

Medulla oblongata