Rapid Review - Key Associations

Question 1

Actinic keratosis

Answer 1

Squamous cell carcinoma precursor

Question 2

Acute gastric ulcer associated w/ CNS injury

Answer 2

Cushing ulcer - inc intracranial pressure leads to vagal stimulation of inc H+ secretion

Question 3

Acute gastric ulcer associated w/ severe burns

Answer 3

Curling ulcer - huge dec in plasma volume –> sloughing gastric mucosa

Question 4

Age ranges for patients w/ ALL / CLL / AML / CML

Answer 4

ALL - children

CLL - > 60 yo

AML - adults around 65

CML - adults 45-85

Question 5

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 5

Atherosclerosis (#1 affected vessel - then coronary, popliteal, carotid)

Question 6

Aortic aneurysm of ascending arch

Answer 6

tertiary syphilis OR vaso vasorum destruction

Question 7

Aortic aneurysm in thoracic aorta

Answer 7

Marfan syndrome (cystic medial degeneration)

Question 8

Aortic Dissection

Answer 8

HTN

Question 9

Atrophy of mammilary glands

Answer 9

Wernicke encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, confusion)

Question 10

Autosplenectomy

Answer 10

Sickle cell

Question 11

Bacterial meningitis in adults, elderly, kids, newborns

Answer 11

Adults / elderly - strep pneumo

Kids/ teens - strep pneumo or N meningitidis

Infants - Group B strep, E coli, Listeria

Question 12

Bilateral ovarian mets from gastric carcinoma

Answer 12

Krukenberg tumor (mucin signet ring cells)

Question 13

Brain tumor in adults v kids

Answer 13

Adult = Supratenotiral - mets, astrocytoma (including glioblastoma multiforme), meningioma, schwannoma

Kids - Infratentorial - medullablastoma,

If kids have supratentorial then craniopharyngioma (Rathke pouch)

Question 14

Cardiac manifestation of SLE

Answer 14

Marantic / thrombotic endocarditis (non-bacterial and on both sides of the valve)

Question 15

Constrictive Pericarditis

Answer 15

TB (developing world)

Idiopathic or viral illness (developed world)

Question 16

1 Cause of Glomerularnephritis in Adults

Answer 16

IgA nephropathy or Berger’s Disease

Question 17

Infections in Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Answer 17

E coli, Staph aureus, Aspergilus (all catalase +)

Question 18

Hypoparathyroidism

Answer 18

Cut in thyroidectomy

Question 19

1 Cause Myocarditis

Answer 19

Coxsackie B

Question 20

Opening Snap

Answer 20

Mitral stenosis

Question 21

Refractory peptic ulcers and high gastrin levels

Answer 21

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma of duodenum or pancreas) - associated w/ MEN1

Question 22

Osteomyelitis in IV Drug Users

Answer 22

Pseudomonas, Candida, Staph aureus

Question 23

RCC

Answer 23

vHL and smoking

Paraneoplastic - PTHrP, EPO, renin, ACTH

Question 24

S3

Answer 24

inc ventricular filling pressure from MR or HF

Common in dilated ventricles

Question 25

S4

Answer 25

Stiff, hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)

Question 26

Sight of diverticula

Answer 26

Sigmoid colon in elderly

Question 27

Temporal arteritis

Answer 27

Risk ipsilateral blindness due to occlusion of opthalmic artery Polymyalgia rheumatica

Question 28

Testicular tumor

Answer 28

PAINLESS Seminoma - inc placental ALP

Question 29

Most Common Thyroid Cancer

Answer 29

Papillary - associated w/ childhood irradiation

Question 30

Most Common Adrenal Tumor in Kids

Answer 30

Neuroblastoma

Question 31

Most Common Type Hodgkin Lymphoma

Answer 31

Nodular sclerosing

Question 32

Most Common Type Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Answer 32

Diffuse large B cell

Question 33

Viral encephalitis of temporal lobes

Answer 33

HSV-1