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Step 1 Memorization Hour > Derm Basic Associations > Flashcards

Derm Basic Associations Flashcards

1
Q

Acne

A

inc sebum and androgen production

abnormal keratinocyte desquamation

Propionbacterium acnes

Tx - retinoids, benzoyl peroxidase, abx

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2
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

A

Face in infants, antecubital fossa in kids

Inc IgE

Associated w/ asthma and allergic rhinitis

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3
Q

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

A

Type IV hypersensitivity

Lesion at site of contact

Nickel, poison ivy, neomycin

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4
Q

Melanocytic Nevi

A

Moles

Intradermal - papules and junctional - flat

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5
Q

Pseudofolliculitis barbae

A

Razor bump in blacks

Foreign body inflammation reaction

Itchy

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6
Q

Psoriasis

A

Silver scale

Esp knees and elbows

Munro microabscesses

Inc spinosum and dec granulosum

Auspitz sign (pinpoint bleeding when scale scraped off)

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7
Q

Rosacea

A

Red papules and pustules but no comedones

Can be associated w/ facial flushing in response to external stimuli (heat or alcohol)

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8
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis

A

Pigmented, keratin-filled cysts (horn cysts) w/ stuck on appearance

Benign and common in elderly

Leser-Trelat sign

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9
Q

Verrucae

A

Warts

Cauliflower-like papules

Epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and koilocytosis

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10
Q

Urticaria

A

TRANSIENT

Hives

Wheal from mast cell degranulation

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11
Q

Angiosarcoma

A

Blood vessel malignancy

Elderly, sun-exposed areas, radiation or lymphadema from mastectomy

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12
Q

Bacillary Angiomatosis

A

Benign skin papule in AIDS caused by Bartonella henslae

Neutrophilic infiltrate (unlike Kaposi)

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13
Q

Cherry Hemangioma v. Strawberry Hemoangion

A

Cherry - in elderly; do NOT regress

Strawberry - in infants; grow rapidly then regress by 5 to 8 yo

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14
Q

Cystic Hygroma

A

Cavernous lymphangioma of the neck

Turner Syndrome

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15
Q

Glomus Tumor

A

Benign, pain, red/blue

Modified smooth muscle of thermoregulatory glomus body

Often under nails

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16
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

A

Endothelial malignancy

Skin, GI, resp

HHV-8 in HIV

Lymphocytic infiltrate

17
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

A

Polypoid, lobulated capillary hemangioma that can ulcerate and bleed

Trauma and pregnancy

18
Q

Levels of Bacterial Infection

A

Impetigo - honey crust; very superficial

Erysipelas - upper dermis and superficial lymphatics

Cellulitis - deeper dermis and subQ (often starts w/ break in skin)

Abscess - pus (Staph)

Necrotizing Fasciitis - deeper tissue injury from anaerobes or strep pyogenes; crepitus from methane and CO2 gas; pain out of proportion to findings

19
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

IgG against desmoglein (Type II)

Flaccid bullae from acantholysis

Immunofluorescence in reticular / net pattern (b/c between adjacent cells)

Oral involvement

Nikolsky sign - separation of epidermis on stroking skin

20
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid

A

IgG against hemidesmosomes (BM)

Tense blisters (extra layer of skin)

Immuno shows linear pattern (straight BM)

Oral spared

Nikolsky negative

21
Q

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

A

IgA deposits at tips of dermal papillae

Papules, vesicles and bullae

Tx - dapsone and GF diet

22
Q

Erythema multiforme

A

Mycoplasma, HSV

Drugs - sulfa, beta lactams, phenytoin

Cancer and autoimmune disease

Mult type (multiform) of lesions - macules, papules, vesicles, targets

23
Q

SJS v TEN

A

Sloughing at dermal - epidermal junction

If < 10% body area then SJS
If > 30% body area then TEN (toxic epidermal necrolysis)
10-30% SJS-TEN

24
Q

Acanthosis Nigricans

A

Epidermal hyperplasia –> symmetric hyperpigmented skin thickening

Esp axilla and neck

Insulin resistance (DM, Cushing, obesity) or visceral malignancy (GI adeno)

25
Q

Actinic Keratosis

A

SCC precursor

Small brown papules and plaques

Sand paper like (rough)

26
Q

Erythema nodosum

A

PAINFUL

Raised inflammation of subQ fat on shins

Sarcoidosis, coccidio, histo, TB, leprosy, strep, IBD (chrons)

27
Q

Lichen Planus

A

Ps

Pruritic, Purple, Polygonal, Planar, Papules

If mucosal involvement … Wickham striae (white lines) and hypergranulosis

Sawtooth infiltrate of dermis - epidermal junction by lymphocytes

Hep C

28
Q

Pityriasis Rosea

A

Herald patch –> scaly red plaques in christmas tree distribution on trunk

Self resolving in 6-8 wks

29
Q

Sunburn

A

Acute cutaneous inflammatory reaction due to UV radiation

DNA mutation –> apoptosis of keratinocytes

UVA - tAnning, photoAging

UVB - sunBurn

Both inc risk all 3 skin cancer types

Step 1 Memorization Hour (127 decks)

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