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Step 1 Memorization Hour > Autonomic Drugs > Flashcards

Autonomic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanechol

A

Direct cholinomimetic

Act bowel and bladder smooth muscle

Uses: post-op or neurogenic ileus or urinary retention

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

Direct cholinomimetic

Constricts pupil to relieve intraocular pressure

Uses: open angle glaucoma

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3
Q

Methacholine

A

Direct cholinomimetic

Bronchospasm

Uses: meth challenge to diagnose asthma (inhaled)

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4
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Direct cholinomimetic

Contracts ciliary muscle, contracts pupillary sphincter, induces tears, sweat and saliva

Uses: open angle glaucoma, closed angle glaucoma, Sjogrens

*crosses BBB

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5
Q

Galantamine, donepizil, rivastigmine

A

Anticholinesterase

Uses: Alzheimers

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6
Q

Edrophonium

A

Anticholinesterase

Uses: MG diagnosis (now use antibody detection more often)

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7
Q

Neostigmine

A

Anticholinesterase

Quaternary (no CNS)

Uses: MG, post-op ileus or urinary retention, reverse NMJ blockade

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8
Q

Physostigmine

A

Anticholinesterase

Tertiary (“phree to cross BBB” hydrophilic)

Uses: antidote for atropine OD

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9
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Anticholinesterase

Inc muscle strength, quaternary (no CNS)

Uses: MG (long acting)

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10
Q

Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Dilation and cycloplegia (paralyze ciliary muscle) in eye

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11
Q

Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

CNS - Parkinsons and acute dystonia

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12
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

GI, respiratory

Uses: give PN to dec gut secretions pre-operatively or orally for peptic ulcers or drooling

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13
Q

Hyoscyamine, Dicyclomine

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

GI

Uses: anti-spasm for irritable bowel

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14
Q

Ipratropium, tiotropium

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Respiratory

Uses: COPD and asthma

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15
Q

Oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

GU

Uses: dec bladder spasm and urge incontinence (overactive bladder)

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16
Q

Scopalamine

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

CNS

Uses: motion sickness

17
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Eye - pupil dilation and cycloplegia

Airway - dec secretions

Stomach - dec acid secretion

GI - dec motility

Bladder - dec urgency in cystitis

18
Q

Albuterol, salmeterol

A

Sympathomimetics

B2 > B1

Uses: asthma and COPD (albuterol acute and salm longer)

19
Q

Dobutamine

A

Sympathomimetic

Beta 1 > Beta 2 > alpha

Uses: HF and stress test (inc contractility more than HR)

20
Q

Dopamine

A

Sympathomimetic

D1 = D2 > beta > alpha

Beta effects - brady, HF, shock

Alpha - (HIGH DOSE) vasoconstriction

21
Q

Epi

A

Sympathomimetic

Beta > alpha

Uses: anaphlyaxis and asthma (open airway and alpha vasoconstriction to counteract histamine vasodilation), inc HR and contractility to also overcome hypotension (beta)

Overall inc in MAP, PP and CO but mostly due to inc CO from beta 1 effects

22
Q

Fenoldopam

A

Sympathomimetic

D1

Uses: post-op HTN or hypertensive crisis (inc coronary, renal, splanchnic and peripheral pressures)

23
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Sympathomimetic

Beta 1 = Beta 2

Uses: electrical eval of tachy

Since all beta, causes dec MAP and large pulse pressure from vasodilation BUT also huge inc CO b/c beta 1 effects and reflexive tachy from the dec pressure

24
Q

Midodrine

A

Sympathomimetic

Alpha 1

Uses: autonomic insufficiency and orthostatic hypotension

25
Q

Mirabegron

A

Sympathomimetic

Beta 3

Uses: overactive bladder or urge incontinence

26
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Sympathomimetics

Alpha 1 > alpha 2 > beta 1

Uses: hypotension and septic shock

Overall causes huge inc in MAP and PP but just from the alpha 1 effects; no inc CO from beta and actually reflex bradycardia so dec HR

27
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Sympathomimetic

Alpha 1 > alpha 2

Uses: Hypotension, dilation of eye for procedures, rhinitis (decongestant by dec blood flow)

28
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirect Sympathomimetic

Reuptake inhibitor and gets into pre-synapse via NET –> displace NE from vesicles –> inc NE conc in cytoplasm –> reverses NET –> NE released into synapse in bulk

Uses: narcolepsy, obesity, ADHD

29
Q

Cocaine

A

Indirect Sympathomimetic

Reuptake inhibitor

Uses: vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

30
Q

Ephedrine

A

Indirect Sympathomimetic

Also releases stored NE

Uses: nasal congestions, urinary incontinence, hypotension

31
Q

Clonidine, guanfacine

A

Alpha 2 agonist (sympatholytic)

Uses: hypertensive urgency, ADHD, Tourettes

32
Q

Alpha - methyldopa

A

Alpha 2 agonist (sympatholytic)

Uses: HTN in preg

33
Q

Non- selective alpha blockers

A

Phenoxybenzamine - irreversible; for pheo and HTN crisis

Phentolamine - reversible; if on MAO and eat tyrosine

34
Q

Alpha 1 Blockers

A

-osins

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin

Uses: urinary prob w/ BPH, PTSD (prazosin), HTN (not tam)

35
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Alpha 2 selective blocker

Depression

36
Q

Beta 1 Antagonists

A

MET a BABE who’s an ACE (or think early alpha A - M)

Metoprolol, acebutolol, bisoprolol, atenolol, betaxolol, esmolol

Uses: dec mortality in HF/MI, dec CO and renin for HTN, dec contractility and HR to dec O2 demand if angina, dec AV conduction for arrhythmias

37
Q

Non-selective Beta Blockers

A

Late Alpha (N - Z)

nadolol, propranolol, pindolol, timolol

Uses: also beta 2 so dec aqueous humor for glaucoma, dec portal HTN if esophageal varices

38
Q

Beta Blockers that are also Alpha Blockers

A

DIFF SUFFIX

carvedilol, labetalol

Step 1 Memorization Hour (127 decks)

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