past Flashcards

1
Q

io ho guardato

A

i have watched

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2
Q

tu hai venduto

A

you have sold

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3
Q

lui / lei ha finito.

A

he she has finished

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4
Q

noi abbiamo mangiato

A

we have eaten

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5
Q

voi avete saputo

A

you have known

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6
Q

loro hanno sentito..

A

they have heard

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7
Q

to see: vedere - visto

A

irregular past

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8
Q

to do: fare - fatto

A

irregular past

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9
Q

to say: dire - detto

A

irregular past

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10
Q

to read: leggere - letto

A

irregular past

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11
Q
  • to form the participle: we replace “-are” with “-ato”, “-ere” with “-uto” and “-ire” with “-ito”.
A

past participle

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12
Q
  • we form it with the verbs “essere” or “avere” in the present followed by a past participle;
A

past participle

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13
Q

-replace er with uto

A

past participle

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14
Q

We always use the verb “avere” with verbs that can be followed by a direct object (underlined below):

A

past participle

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15
Q

We use the verb “essere” with reflexive verbs (verbs we use when we perform an action on ourselves). As you can see, “essere” goes between the pronoun and the past participle.

A

past participle

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16
Q

The past participle that follows the verb “essere” agrees in number and gender with the subject of the sentence. Have a look at these sentences:

A

past participle

17
Q

We also use the verb “essere” with most of the verbs that are not followed by a direct object. These are often verbs of movement. Have a look at some common ones:

A

andare (to go)
venire (to come)
arrivare (to arrive)
uscire (to leave)

18
Q
  • “avere” with verbs that can be followed by a direct object. The past participle doesn’t change. (i.e.: Lei ha mangiato una pizza.)
A

past participle

19
Q
  • “essere” with reflexive verbs and most of the verbs that are not followed by a direct object, like verbs of movement. The past participle changes according to the number and gender of the subject. (i.e.: Loro si sono svegliati alle 6 e sono andati a lavoro alle 7.)
A

past participle