4/28/17 Emerging infections Flashcards
What is an infection that naturally occurs in an insect or animal host that also can subsequently infect humans?
-Zoonotic pathogen
T/F Salmonella is a zoonotic pathgoen
True
T/F Shiga like toxin producing E. coli is not a zoonotic pathogen
False
It is
T/F Rabies is a zoonotic pathogen
True
T/F Lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi (tickbite) is a zoonotic pathogen
True
T/F Rocky mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsi) is a zoonotic pathogen
True
T/F West nile virus is a zoonotic pathogen
True
What is an emerging pathogen?
- One that is new never before seen
- A known infection emerging in new hosts or geographies
- Infection that has always been there but not tested for
What virus is a new epidemic for the americas?
-Chikungunya virus
_______ of cases of chikungunya result in long-lasting relapsing arthralgia (>6 months).
> 50 %
What is the fatality rate of chickungunya?
-1/1000
What are the signs and symptoms of chickungunya?
- HIgh Fever
- Sever joint pain
- Rash
- Fatigue
- Nausea
What is the origin of chikungunya?
-Tanzania
What is the carrier for chikungunya?
-Aedes aegypti mosquito
When is IgM antibody detection for chikungunya most sensitive?
-3-5 weeks post symptoms
Where was Zika virus discovered?
-Uganda
What is the vector of Zika?
-Aedes spp. of mosquito
What is a major sign of Zika?
-Conjunctivitis
What are four mechanisms of transmission of Zika?
- Blood transfusions
- Infected mosquito bite
- Sexual transmission
- Congenital
What birth defect does Zika cause?>
-Microcephaly
Can Zika virus be transmitted directly between patients?
Yes
What is an emerging gastrointestinal pathogen?
-Cyclospora cayetanensis
What is the vector for Cyclospora cayetanensis?
-Humans
How do you diagnose Cyclospora cayetanensis?
-Stool
