Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Host and Defense 2020 > 2/13/17 DURRANT Skin and soft TIssue infection TEST #2 > Flashcards

2/13/17 DURRANT Skin and soft TIssue infection TEST #2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first line of defense for soft tissue infections?

A

-Intact skin (physical barrier)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

_____ of skin structures permit microbial invasion?

A

-Ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F Trauma can also permit microbial invasion.

A

-True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the four medical terms that are used to describe soft tissue infections?

A
  • Rubor
  • Calor
  • Tumor
  • Dolor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are five things you might see on a physical examination of a soft tissue infection?

A
  • Crepitus
  • Necrosis
  • Fluctuance
  • Purpura
  • Bullae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are six other disease that can mimic Skin and Soft tissue infections?

A
  • Gout
  • Thrombophlebitis
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Contact dermatitis (example latex allergy)
  • Drug eruption
  • Foreign body reaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the number one bacteria that causes folliculitis?

A

-Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What organism causes hot tub folliculitis?

A

-Pseudomonas aerguinosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the basic treatment for folliculitis?

A
  • Soap and water

- Topical antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a common cause of acne?

A

-Propionibacterium acnes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F Staph aureus can cause acne

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does propionbacterium acnes multiply in?

A

-Sebum trapped in follicles/glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the most common cause of soft tissue abscesses?

A

-Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When you have a soft tissue abscess what causes local superficial cellulitis?

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When you have necrose/liquefy tissue in a soft tissue abscess what does that consist of?

A
  • Cellular debris

- WBCs (pus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do you do to treat soft tissue abscesses?

A
  • Incision and drainage

- Systemic antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T/F Soft tissue abscesses are often polymicrobial

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is an abscess in the area of a hair follicle also known as a boil?

A

-Furuncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a multiloculated abscess?

A

-Carbuncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When you have a carbuncle where can the infection spread to?

A

-Subcutaneous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the treatment of a carbuncle?

A
  • Incision

- Drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the disease of an enzyme producing bacteria that digest fascial barrier, and cause tissue necrosis?

A

-Necrotizing fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the main cause of necrotizing fasciitis?

A

-Group A strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F Only gram + bacilli create spores

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is a polymicrobial infection of the genitals and perineum called?

A

-Fournier’s gangrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the hallmark finding of necrotizing fasciitis?

A

-Huge amount of pain compared to exam findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the most common pathogen found in surgical wounds?

A

-Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the gram stain of staph aureus?

A

-Gram + cocci in clusters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are three sources of surgical wounds pathogens?

A
  • Patients own skin/normal flora
  • Fomites (door handle, drinking fountain etc.)
  • Hands
  • Air
  • Environment
30
Q

What is the best way to keep surgical wounds from becoming infected?

A

-Preoperative antibiotics

31
Q

When you have fungal infections what is the most common one seen?

A

-Dermatophyte fungi (superficial hair, skin, and nail infections)

32
Q

What is the most common yeast infection?

A

-Candida albicans

33
Q

What do you do to treat Candida albicans?

A
  • Topical antifungals

- Systemic antifungals if severe

34
Q

What three things can candida albicans cause?

A
  • Diaper rash
  • Thrush
  • Intertrigo
35
Q

Is impetigo highly contagious?

A

-Yes

36
Q

How do you treat impetigo?

A
  • Penicillin

- Topical antibiotic

37
Q

What is a honey crust lesion known as?

A

-Impetigo

38
Q

What are the top two causes of Impetigo?

A
  • Group A strep

- Staph aureus

39
Q

What is a painful red looking disease that is hot to the touch and found in the deep layers of dermis?

A

Erysipelas

40
Q

What causes Erysipelas?

A

-Group A strep

41
Q

What is the treatment for Erysipelas?

A

-Penicilin

42
Q

What is a painful red looking disease that is found in the subcutaneous tissue?

A

-Cellulitis

43
Q

What is the main cause of Cellulitis?

A

-Group A strep

44
Q

What is the treatment of cellulitis?

A

-Systemic antibiotics

45
Q

T/F If you have a higher number of organisms it increases your risk of wound infections

A

True

46
Q

If you have a lower number of virulence organisms is will increase your risk of wound infections

A

False

-A higher number of virulence

47
Q

What is the “all time champion” of microbial pathogens

A

Staph aureus

48
Q

T/F You usually see a lot of pus if it is a staph aureus infection

A

True

49
Q

What type of lesions does staphyaureus cause?

A
  • Acute
  • Aggressive
  • Locally destructive purulent
50
Q

What type of Staph toxin causes scalded skin syndrome?

A

-Alpha-toxin (exotoxin)

51
Q

What type of staph toxin causes bullous impetigo?

A

-Exfoliatin

52
Q

What type of Staph toxin causes Toxic shock syndrome?

A

-TSST-1

53
Q

What type of Staph toxin causes stphylococcal food poisoning?

A

-Enterotoxin (Exotoxin that effects the gut)

54
Q

What gene do MRSA strains acquire?

A

-MecA gene (altered penicillin binding protein)

55
Q

MSSA or MRSA is resistant to all B-lactams?

A

-MRSA

56
Q

What are four risk factors for MRSA?

A
  • Close skin to skin contact
  • Crowded living conditions
  • Poor hygiene
  • IV drug users
57
Q

What are five antibiotics that you can use to treat MRSA?

A
  • Trimethoprim-sulfa
  • Doxycycline
  • Vancomycin
  • Linezolid
  • Daptomycin
58
Q

What does a Group A strep look like?

A

-Gram + cocci in chains

59
Q

Streptolysins O and S are cytotoxic or non-cytotoxic?

A

-Cytotoxic

60
Q

T/F Streptolysins O and S lyse leukocytes, tissue cells, and platelets

A

True

61
Q

What type of strep toxins are superantigens?

A

-Pyrogenic exotoxins A and B

62
Q

What are three inflammatory enzymes produced by group A strep?

A
  • Streptokinase (protease)
  • Hyaluronidase (degrades carbohydrates)
  • DNase (degrades DNA)
63
Q

What is an anaerobic spore forming gram+ rod with square ends?

A

-Clostridium perfringens

64
Q

What type of gas does Clostridium perfringens produce in tissue?

A
  • Hydrogen

- CO2

65
Q

What type of gram stain is Pasteurella multocida?

A

-Gram - Rod

66
Q

What causes Pasteurella multocida?

A

-Animal bites

67
Q

What type of gram stain is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

-Gram - Rod

68
Q

What type of gram stain is Vibrio vulnificus?

A

-Gram - Rod

69
Q

Where do you find Vibrio Vulnificus?

A

-Salt walter environments

70
Q

What is Vibrio vulnificus associated with?

A
  • Iron overload

- Cirrhosis

71
Q

What causes Mycetoma?

A
  • Actinomycyes

- Nocardia

Host and Defense 2020 (61 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions