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Host and Defense 2020 > 3/10/17 GERMAN T Cell Mediated Immunity TEST #3 > Flashcards

3/10/17 GERMAN T Cell Mediated Immunity TEST #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What pathogens do CD4 Th2 cells target?

A
  • Helminth

- Parasites

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2
Q

What pathogens do CD4Th17 cells target?

A
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae

- Fungi

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3
Q

Are the CD8 or CD4 T cells the regulatory T cell arm?

A

-CD4

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4
Q

Are the CD8 or CD4 T cells the direct effector T cell arm?

A

-CD8

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5
Q

What is the most common T cell activator?

A

-Dendritic Cells

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6
Q

For a dendritic cell to actually do its job what needs to happen to it?

A

-Needs to be activated

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7
Q

Dendritic Cells mature through what?

A

-Antigen Activation

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8
Q

When dendritic cells take up bacterial antigen in the skin how do the move to a lymph node?

A

-Enter the lymphatic system

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9
Q

T/F Antigen presenting cells distribute differently in lymph nodes

A

True

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10
Q

How do Dendritic cells present antigen?

A

-Via MHC I and MHC II

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11
Q

T/F MHC can present self antigen

A

True

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12
Q

Which of the following do not activate MHC class II and CD4 T cells?
A) Receptor mediated endocytosis
B) Macropinocytosis of bacteria or viruses
C) Viral infection

A

C) Viral infection

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13
Q

What is critical for CD8 T cell activation?

A

-Cross-presentation

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14
Q

Where are circulating Naive T cell exposed to antigens at?

A

-Lymph nodes

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15
Q

What are two ways that Naive T cells can enter a draining lymph node?

A
  • Blood

- Afferent lymph coming from an upstream lymph node

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16
Q

What two types of cells help from an immune synapse?

A
  • T cels

- Dendritic Cells

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17
Q

What three signals do T cells need to become activated?

A
  • T cell Receptor
  • Co-Stimulatory Molecules
  • Cytokines
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18
Q

Cytokines lead to differentiation, IL-2 leads to the proliferation of what cells?

A

-CD8, All Th cells

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19
Q

Cytokines lead to differentiation, IL-4 leads to the proliferation of what cells?

A

-Th-2

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20
Q

Cytokines lead to differentiation, IL-6 leads to the proliferation of what cells?

A

-TFH

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21
Q

Cytokines lead to differentiation, IL-12 leads to the proliferation of what cells?

A

-TH1

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22
Q

Cytokines lead to differentiation, TGF-Beta + IL-16 + IL-23 leads to the proliferation of what cells?

A

-TH 17

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23
Q

Where is B7 expressed?

A

-Only on antigen presenting cells that have been activated

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24
Q

Cytokines lead to differentiation, TGF-Beta leads to the proliferation of what cells?

A

-T-reg

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25
What does Naive T cell TCR activation in the absence of co-stimulation lead to?
-Anergy
26
Why is co-stimulation of T cell activation so important?
-If you get T cell activation without the B7 co-stimulator it can lead to an autoimmune disease
27
What two types of cells can CD8 T cells be differentiated into?
- Effector Cells | - Memory Cells
28
After you have T cell activation and differentiation what occurs next?
-Clonal expansion
29
Once you have clonal expansion in T cell activation what changes ?
-Surface protein expression
30
What Interleukin drives clonal expansion?
-IL-2
31
What type of signaling is IL-2?
-Autocrine
32
T/F When T cells are activated they will make their own IL-2?
-True
33
What inhibits continued T cell activation and proliferation?
-CTLA-4
34
What binds B7 with more affinity: CTLA-4 or CD28
CTLA-4
35
What cells will CD8 T cells kill?
-Only the cells expressing targeted peptide via MHC I
36
T/F There is a secondary signal necessary for activated CD8 T cell to Kill
False | -There is no secondary signal
37
CD8 T cells kill through what two things?
- Perforin | - Granzymes
38
Which protein in granules of cytotoxic T cells is a serine protease, which activate apoptosis once in the cytoplasm of the target cell?
-Granzymes
39
Which protein in granules of cytotoxic T cells aid in delivering contents of granules into the cytoplasm of target cell?
-Perforin
40
Which Th cell drives a cellular mediated response?
-Th 1
41
Which Th cell drives a humoral (antibody) mediated response?
-Th2
42
What three things are involved in CD4 differentiation?
- Cytokine induction - Transcription factor - Effector cytokines
43
What is the function of Th1 cells?
-Activate macrophages
44
What two cytokines induce differentiation that leads to TH1?
- IL-12 | - IFN-gamma
45
What cytokines induce differentiation that leads to TH17 cells?
- IL-16 - TGF- Beta - IL-23
46
What is the function of Th17 cells?
-Enhance neutrophil response
47
What cytokines induce differentiation that leads to TH2 cells?
-IL-4
48
What is the function of Th2 cells?
-Activate cellular and antibody response to parasites
49
What cytokines induce differentiation that leads to TFH cells?
- IL-6 | - IL-21
50
What is the function of TFH cells?
-Activate B cells maturation of antibody response
51
What cytokines induce differentiation of Treg cells?
-TGF-Beta
52
What is the function of T reg cells?
-Suppress other effector T cells
53
Bacteria lead to the activating of what type of Th cell?
-Th1
54
Fungi lead to the activation of what type of Th cells?
- T reg | - Th17
55
Helminths lead to the activation of what type of Th cells?
-Th2
56
What do Th1 cells form when pathogens can not be cleared?
-Granulomas
57
What is a compact aggregate of leukocytes that sequester a pathogen called?
-Granuloma
58
Th1 cytokines _______ the induced innate response.
-Enhance
59
IFN-Gamma from Th1 cells activate what to destroy engulfed bacteria?
-macrophages
60
An activated Th1 cell creates more IL-2 that does what?
-Induce T-cell proliferation, increasing number of effector cells
61
Th2 cell _______ tissue protection and repair.
-Promote
62
What Th cells respond to prolonged extracellular infection?
-Th2
63
What cells do Th2 cells recruit to the site of infection?
- Mast cells | - Eosinophils
64
TFH cells activate ________ and Induce class switching?
-B cells
65
What T cells prevent autoimmunity?
-Treg cells
66
What two types of T cells regulate mucosal inflammation?
- Th17 | - Treg
67
What T cell inhibit mucosal inflammation?
-Treg
68
Th17 cells in the gut are involved in neutrophil recruitment, but what other two functions do they have?
- Antimicrobial peptide production | - Tissue repair
69
If you have persistent Th17 cells in gets involved in autoimmunity what can that lead to ?
- Rhemuatoid arthiritis - MS - Psoriasis - Inflammatory bowel disease
70
What CD4 T cells can kill another cell?
-Th1
71
What is the major role of CD4 Th1 cells?
-Promote inflammation

Host and Defense 2020 (61 decks)

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