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Host and Defense 2020 > 4/25/17 Adaptive immune diseases GERMAN FINAL TEST > Flashcards

4/25/17 Adaptive immune diseases GERMAN FINAL TEST Flashcards

1
Q

Autoimmune Diseases are loss of ____ leading to hypersensitivity reactions.

A

-Tolerance

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2
Q

What type of selection in B cells contribute to self-tolerance?

A

-Negative selection

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3
Q

What types of hypersensitivity reactions are involved in Autoimmune Diseases?

A
  • Type II
  • Type III
  • Type IV
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4
Q

AD’s are caused by what two things?

A
  • Genetics
  • Environments
  • Both
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5
Q

_____ subtype influences AD development.

A

-HLA

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6
Q

HLA genes are associated with susceptibility in what percent of ADs?

A

50%

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7
Q

What class of alleles are most frequently implicated in ADs?

A

-Class II

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8
Q

Grave’s disease is associated with what type of hypersensitivity?

A

-Type II

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9
Q

Type 2 Diabetes is associated with what type of hypersensitivity?

A

-Type II

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10
Q

Rheumatic Fever is caused by what?

A

-Molecular mimicry

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11
Q

Transient responses due to lack of T cell help is associated with what disease?

A

-Rheumatic Fever

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12
Q

T/F S. pyogenes cell wall shares human epitopes

A

True

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13
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is Rheumatic fever?

A

Type II

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14
Q

Graves disease is associated with antibody binding that causes what?

A

-Metabolic Dysfunction

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15
Q

What disease is associated with excessive thyroid hormone release (Hyperthyroidism)?

A

-Graves disease

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16
Q

What do antibodies in graves disease function as?

A

-Thyroid stimulating hormone agonist

17
Q

T/F If a mother has grave’s disease she can pass it during pregnancy to the baby

A

True

18
Q

What disease is associated with the destruction of normal thyroid tissue (hypothyroidism, the thyroid looks enlarged though)?

A

-Hashimoto’s disease

19
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is Hashimoto’s disease associated with?

A

-Type II

20
Q

What disease is associated with salivary gland enlargement, Glossitis, and mouth breathing?

A

-Hypothyroidism

21
Q

What disease is associated with increased susceptibility to caries, enlargement of extra glandular thyroid tissue, and has accelerated dental eruption?

A

-Hyperthyroidism

22
Q

What disease is associated with progressive destruction of the exocrine glands?

A

-Sjogren’s syndrome

23
Q

Who is Sjogren’s syndrome more prevalent in?

A

-Women

24
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

-Type II

25
Q

What are some signs of Sjogren’s syndrome?

A
  • Dry eyes, mouth

- Oral Candidiasis

26
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus?

A

-Type III

27
Q

If you have mouth ulcers and plaques, deposits in blood vessels kidney and joints what disease is that associated with?

A

-Systemic lupus erythematosus

28
Q

What does Systemic Lupus cause?

A

-Intermolecular epitope spreading

29
Q

T/F SLE leads to a loss of tolerance

A

True

30
Q

T/F Intermolecular epitope spreading is different proteins being targeted from one initial protein while intramolecular is one small conserved region of a protein shares an epitope with a pathogen and now an entire protein can be targeted.

A

True

31
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is celiac disease?

A

-Type IV

32
Q

T/F Thymic involution is tied to increase AD incidence

A

True

33
Q

Type I diabetes is what type of hypersensitivity reaction

A

-Type IV

34
Q

In Type I diabetes autoimmunity what kills the Beta cells?

A

CD4 aand CD8 T cells

35
Q

What are some oral manifestations seen in autoimmune type I diabetics?

A
  • Sweet breath
  • Impaired wound healing
  • Altered saliva composition
  • Reduced salivary flow

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