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Host and Defense 2020 > 2/7/17 Dr. Florell Cutaneous Infection TEST #2 > Flashcards

2/7/17 Dr. Florell Cutaneous Infection TEST #2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the stratum corneum prevent?

A

-Water loss and chemical entry

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2
Q

The dermis is tough and repels what?

A

-physical insults

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3
Q

What two layers are found in the dermis?

A
  • Papillary dermis

- Reticular dermis

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4
Q

What is the Adnexa?

A
  • Hair follicles

- Sweat glands

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5
Q

What are two types of bacterial cutaneous infections?

A
  • Impetigo

- Follliculitis

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6
Q

What are three types of viral cutaneous infections?

A
  • Herpes virus
  • Molluscum contagiosum
  • Verruca vulgaris
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7
Q

What type of cocci is on the normal skin flora?

A

-Aerobic cocci

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8
Q

What percent of outpaitient dermal visits are bacterial?

A

-20%

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9
Q

If you have impetigo what part of the skin does it affect?

A

-Epidermis

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10
Q

If you have Folliculitis what part of the skin unit does it affect?

A

-Appendages

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11
Q

What are three types of fungal cutaneous infections?

A
  • Tinea versicolor
  • Tinea corporis
  • Deep fungal infection
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12
Q

What are two types of infestation cutaneous infections?

A
  • Scabies

- Myiasis

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13
Q

What are most cutaneous infections caused by?

A

-Staph aureus

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14
Q

What are three bacteria causes of Impetigo?

A
  • Staphylococcal
  • Streptococcal
  • Mixed infections
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15
Q

What is the main bacterial cause of Impetigo?

A

-Staphylococcal

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16
Q

How does impetigo manifest itself?

A

-Thin, straw colored discharge noted which dries to form golden’yellow crusts

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17
Q

What is impetigo most commonly found on people?

A
  • Exposed areas
  • Face
  • Hands
  • Neck
  • extremities
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18
Q

What are the treatments for impetigo?

A
  • Antibiotic ointment

- Systemic antibiotic

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19
Q

If a patient comes into your clinic with discrete, thin-walled vesicles that become pustular and rupture what might they have?

A

-Impetigo

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20
Q

If you see a hair coming straight from the center of a pustule what might that be indicative of?

A

-Some type of folliculitis

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21
Q

In folliculitis what are the shape of the pustules?

A

-Dome-shaped around hair follicles

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22
Q

In bacterial folliculitis what is the most common cause?

A

-Staph aureus

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23
Q

What are the treatments for folliculitis?

A
  • Decrease bacterial load (antibacterial soap)

- Topical or systemic antibiotics

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24
Q

What type of parasite are viruses?

A

-Obligatory intracellular

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25
Q

What three viral infections involve the epidermis?

A
  • Molluscum cotagiosum
  • Herpesvirus
  • Verruca
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26
Q

What type of viral infection involves the skin appendages (hair follicle)?

A

-Folliculitis (herpesvirus)

27
Q

What does a positive interpretation require from a Tzanck smear for herpesvirus?

A
  • Multi-nucleated keratinocytes

- Peripheral marginization of chromatin

28
Q

After primary infection with Herpes (varicella) Zoster where does it remain latent at?

A

-Dorsal root ganglion cells

29
Q

What is the treatment of Herpes (varicella) Zoster?

A

-Antiviral therapy

30
Q

What type of Virus is herpesvirus infection?

A

-Double Stranded DNA

31
Q

What type of virus is varicella virus?

A

-Double stranded DNA

32
Q

What type of virus is cytomegalovirus?

A

-double stranded DNA

33
Q

What type of virus is Epstein-Barr virus?

A

-Double stranded DNA

34
Q

Where do you typically see oral herpes?

A
  • Keratinized/masticatory mucosa
  • palate
  • gingiva
  • tongue
35
Q

What type of herpesvirus is a life threatening infection of a pre-existing skin rash, usually atopic dermatitis?

A

-Eczema herpeticum

36
Q

What is oral hairy leukoplakia associated with?

A

-Epstein-Barr virus infection

37
Q

Who does oral hairy leukoplakia occur most commonly in?

A

-HIV infected patients

38
Q

What are three other groups of people besides HIV patients can you find oral hairy leukoplakia?

A
  • Chemotherapy
  • Organ transplant
  • Leukemia
39
Q

What is the treatment for oral hairy leukoplakia?

A
  • Systemic antiviral therapy such as:
  • Acyclovir
  • Valacyclovir
  • Famiciclovir
40
Q

What is Molluscum contagiosum caused by?

A

-Poxvirus

41
Q

What are three groups that you generally find molluscum contagiosum in?

A
  • Young children
  • Sexually active adults
  • Systemic T-cell immunosupression (HIV)
42
Q

How is Molluscum contagiosum transmitted?

A

-Direct skin to skin contact (especially if skin is wet)

43
Q

If you see Hnderson-Paterson bodies in a histology side what does that indicate?

A

-Molluscum contagiosum

44
Q

What is the treatment for molluscum?

A

-Spontaneous resolution within 2 yrs

45
Q

If you see a thick granular cell layer with koilocytes what does that indicate?

A

-Verrucous epidermal

46
Q

What are two types of fungal infections that effect the epidermis?

A
  • Tinea versicolor

- Dermatophytosis

47
Q

If a rash is scaly what type of preparation should you do?

A

-KOH preparation

48
Q

If you have hyphae and yeast in the epidermis what is that indicative of?

A

-Tinea versicolor

49
Q

What causes Tinea versicolor?

A

-Pityrosporum orbiculare

50
Q

Where is the most common site of infection on a person with Tinea versicolor?

A

-Upper trunk

51
Q

What are the treatments for Tinea versicolor?

A

-Topical or systemic antifungal agent

52
Q

Where can Dermatophytes survive on?

A

-Only on dead keratin skin, hair and nails

53
Q

T/F Dermatophytes can survive in the mouth or vagina where the stratum corneum does not form.

A

False

They can NOT

54
Q

If you have hyphae present in largest numbers at the advancing annular edge what is that indicative of?

A

-Dermatophytes

55
Q

What is the treatment of dermatophytes?

A

-Oral or topical antifungal

56
Q

What is the mariners wheel found in a histo slide indicitive of?

A

-Paracoccidiodomycosis

57
Q

What are most fungal infections a manifestation of?

A

-Systemic infections

58
Q

T/F Primary infections of deep fungal pathogens are introduced directly into the skin via puncture, abrasion, trauma resulting in an ulcer or verrucous lesion

A

True

59
Q

Who are most opportunistic fungal diseases seen in?

A

-Patients with leukemia or hematologic neoplasia

60
Q

What are the two types of opportunistic deep fungal infections?

A
  • Candidiasis

- Aspergillosis

61
Q

T/F With scabies you will have intense itching

A

True

62
Q

If you have pruritic papular lesion, excorations and burrows what might they have?

A

-Scabies

63
Q

What is Myiasis?

A

-Infestation of human tissue by fly larvae

64
Q

If you have a dermatophyte infection (annular scaling plaque) what should the next step be?

A

-KOH prep

Host and Defense 2020 (61 decks)

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