3/16/17 CLAYTON Pathology of inflammation TEST #3 Flashcards
T/F Injury caues inflammation
True
Which of the following injuries cause inflammation? A) Infection B) Trauma, radiation C) Chemical injury D) Autoimmunity E) Tumors F) All of the above
F) all of the above
What pattern of inflammation begins almost immediately and lasts minutes to days?
-Acute
What are the main cells in acute inflammation?
- Neutrophils
- Vessels
- Mast Cells
What pattern of inflammation begins at least 6 hours to days later?
-chronic
What are the main cells involved in chronic inflammation?
- Lymphocytes
- Macrophages
- Plasma cells
- Fibroblasts
What pattern of inflammation is a variant of chronic inflammation?
-Granulomatous
What cells do you find in granulomatous inflammation?
- Aggregates of epithelioid histiocytes/macrophages
- Giant cells
- Lymphocytes
Rubor (redness), Tumor (Swelling) and Calor (warmth) are caused from what in inflammation?
-From leaky small blood vessels
Dolor (pain) in inflammation is caused by what?
- PgE2
- Bradykinin
- substance P
In pus found with an abscess what will you see in it?
-Many neutrophils (acute inflammation)
T/F Vessels are crucial in inflammation
True
Small vessels develop what in inflammation?
-Endothelial cell retraction and pinocytosis
What is a fluid that has a lot of plasma and is rich in proteins in it?
-Exudate
If you have a lower specific gravity, protein and LDH do you have transudate or exudate?
-Transudate
If you have a hemodynamic problem will you have transudate or exudate?
-Transudate
If you see leukocytosis with neutrophilia in lab signs of inflammation will you have acute or chronic inflammation?
-Acute (think bacterial infection)
If you have leukocytosis with lymphocytosis in lab signs of inflammation will you have chronic or acute inflammation?
-Chronic (think viral)
If you are seeing neutrophils that are depleted and then have bands (immature neutrophils) will you more likely have chronic or acute inflammation?
-Acute
If you have eosinophilia what is that commonly associated with?
- Parasitic infection
- Autoimmune
- Asthma/allergic
What type of response is eosinophilia? A) Type I B) Type II C) Type III D) Type IV?
-B) Type II
If you have inflammation, will you have an increased or decreased sedimentation rate?
-Increased
T/F Fibrinogen is an acute phase reactant made in the liver
True
T/F When you have increased sedimentation rate you will have increased plasma fibrinogen, red cells will clump and sink faster
True
Besides fibrinogen what are three other acute phase reactants associated with inflammation?
- CRP (C reactive protein)
- Procalcitonin
- SAA (serum amyloid A protein)
- Cerulopasmin (copper binding protein)
What acute phase reactant is largely specific for bacterial infection?
-Procalcitonin
If you have mild increases of CRP in healthy subjects what can that indicate the risk of?
-Atherosclerosis
What acute phase reactant can help determine if antibiotics are needed?
-Procalcitonin
In vascular changes in inflammation will you see vasoconstriction or vasodilation?
-Vasodilation
ARDS is an exudate or transudate?
-Exudate
Pulmonary edema is a transudate or exudate?
-Transudate
CD4 TH2 cells are used for what?
- Parasitic infections
- Allergies
TH17 cells are for what?
-Ongoing neutrophil infiltrates
CD4 TH1 are for what?
Fungal, mycobacterial and other infections
What is a granuloma?
-Cluster of epithelioid macrophages
T/F Granulomas can calcify
True
T/F Infections and foreign bodies can cause granulomas
True
A type II immune response occurs in response to what?
- Parasites
- Allergic-like diseases
What cells do you have in in a type II immune response?
- Th2 lymphocytes
- eosinophils
- mast cells
- basophils
What is the rarest of the blood leukocytes?
-Basophil
Basophils like mast calls are coated with what Ig?
-IgE
With asthma what cells might you see in the bronchial mucosa?
-Eosinophils
