4/13/17 Intro to TB SPIVAK TEST #3

Question 1

What is the worldwide prevalence of TB?

Answer 1

-33 %

Question 2

What is the only known reservoir of M. tuberculosis?

Answer 2

-Humans

Question 3

How is TB spread?

Answer 3

-Aerosolized droplets released from coughing, sneezing, talking, singing

Question 4

How long can TB droplets be suspended in the air?

Answer 4

-Hours

Question 5

In high prevalence setting of TB how many people are infected per one individual with active TB?

Answer 5

-20

Question 6

What are the four outcomes of TB exposure?

Answer 6

• Clearance
• Latent infection
• Primary disease
• Reactivation disease

Question 7

What outcome of TB leads to no infection?

Answer 7

-Clearance

Question 8

What outcome of TB leads to infection without symptoms?

Answer 8

-Latent infections

Question 9

What outcome of TB exposure leads to infection with immediate symptoms?

Answer 9

-Primary disease

Question 10

What outcome of TB exposure leads to development of symptoms months to years after latent infection?

Answer 10

-Reactivation

Question 11

Most adults will contain what type of TB infections?

Answer 11

-Primary

Question 12

T/F Latent TB infection is asymptomatic

Answer 12

True

Question 13

T/F Primary TB is common in children < 4 and immune compromised

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the highest risk of reactivating latent TB?

Answer 14

-HIV

Question 15

Most adults who have had primary infection have what percent chance of having reactivated TB?

Answer 15

• 10 %

Question 16

How is MTB ingested?

Answer 16

-Alveolar macrophages

Question 17

What is the pathologic hallmark of MTB infection?

Answer 17

-Granuloma formation

Question 18

Where does MTB replicate?

Answer 18

-Inside macrophages

Question 19

What are the symptoms of latent TB?

Answer 19

-None

Question 20

What are the pulmonary symptoms of active TB?

Answer 20

• Cough
• Hemoptysis
• lung collapse
• chest pain

Question 21

T/F Fevers, fatigue, and weight loss with night sweats are associated with TB

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What are the two types of tests for Latent TB?

Answer 22

• PPD

- IGRA

Question 23

T/F You should use a PPD or IGRA to test for active TB

Answer 23

False

-to test for active TB you look at exposure history, clinical signs and symptoms, and imaging findings

Question 24

What drug do you use to treat latent TB?

Answer 24

-Isoniazid

Question 25

What is MDR (Multi-drug resistant) TB resistant to?

Answer 25

-Resistant to INH and RIF

Question 26

What is XDR TB resistant to?

Answer 26

-INH, RIF, all fluoroquinolones and any injectable

Question 27

What is the most powerful known risk for reactivating latent TB?

Answer 27

-HIV

Question 28

What is the most common cause of AIDS mortality?

Answer 28

TB