4/14/17 Immune memory and vaccination GERMAN FINAL TEST Flashcards

1
Q

What do antibodies developed during the primary response provide?

A

-Protective immunity

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2
Q

What are the three types of adaptive memory cells?

A
  • Memory B cells
  • Memory plasma cells
  • Memory T cells
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3
Q

Where do most of the memory plasma cells reside?

A

-Bone marrow

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4
Q

Where do most of the memory T cells reside?

A

-Secondary lymphoid tissues

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5
Q

Besides the bone marrow and secondary lymphoid tissues what are two other areas that you will find memory cells?

A
  • Peripheral tissue

- Circulation

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6
Q

Do primary effector cells or memory cells have a broad antigen response?

A

-Primary effector cells

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7
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have a specific restricted antigen response?

A

-Memory cells

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8
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have easy activation?

A

-Memory cels

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9
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have to go through multiple activation steps and signals?

A

-Primary effector cells

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10
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have clonal selection and expansion?

A

-Primary effector

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11
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have just clonal expansion because they have already been selected?

A

-Memory cells

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12
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have B cell target refinement that is unnecessary?

A

-Memory cells

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13
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells have B cells that must undergo target refinement?

A

-Primary effector

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14
Q

What are the refinements that B cells must do while a primary effector cell?

A
  • Somatic hypermutation

- Class switching

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15
Q

Do primary effector or memory cells die after several days?

A

-Primary effector

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16
Q

When a primary cell has undergone somatic hypermutation can it go through it again?

A

-No

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17
Q

Do primary effector cells or memory cells persists for months and replicate providing long term immunity?

A

-Memory cells

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18
Q

T/F Memory cells require antigen persistence

A

False

-They do not depend upon antigen persistence

19
Q

What are immune memory cells dependent on?

A

-Pathogen and exposure-dependent

20
Q

The secondary immune response activates memory B cells and inhibits __________?

A

-Naive B cells

21
Q

What do activated memory B cells replicate into?

A
  • Plasma cells

- More memory cells

22
Q

T/F In a secondary immune response you will have high affinity antibodies and low somatic hypermutation

A

False

-High antibody affinity and high somatic hypermutation

23
Q

Memory B cells can form cognate pair with memory TFH cells leading to what three things?

A
  • Germinal centers
  • Class switching
  • Somatic hypermutation
24
Q

What are the two types of memory T cells?

A
  • CD8

- CD4

25
Q

Do memory T cells require CD28 co-stimulation?

A

-No

26
Q

What are the two classes of memory T cells?

A
  • Central memory

- Effector memory cells

27
Q

Where do central memory T cells reside?

A

-lymphoid organs

28
Q

Where do effector memory T cells reside?

A

-Circulate in non-lymphoid tissues

29
Q

T/F Highly mutable pathogens erode immune memory

A

True

30
Q

If you have memory cells for A,B,C,D and get infected with A,B,C,E, you won’t make a memory cell for E why?

A

-Because the Memory cells (response) for A,B,C don’t allow a primary response to develop memory cells for E

31
Q

Secondary or Primary response: Small numbers of pathogen-specific cells respond at the start?

A

-Primary

32
Q

Secondary or Primary response: Large number of pathogen-specific cells respond immediately

A

-Secondary

33
Q

Secondary or primary response: Delay before pathogen-specific antibodies are produced

A

-Primary

34
Q

Secondary or primary response: Non-isotype-switched antibody having a mixture of affinities for the pathogen is produced at the start?

A

-Primary

35
Q

Secondary or primary response: Pathogen-specific antibodies already present

A

Secondary

36
Q

Secondary or primary response: Lower threshold for activation

A

-Secondary

37
Q

Secondary or primary response: Higher threshold of activation

A

-Primary

38
Q

Secondary or primary response: Delay before effector T cells are generated and are able to enter infected tissues

A

-Primary

39
Q

Secondary or primary response: Close cooperation between innate and adaptive immunity from the start

A

-Secondary

40
Q

What was the first attenuated live virus vaccine?

A

-Cowpox

41
Q

What is an attenuated virus?

A

-Shared viral components with the actual virus with the inability to infect humans

42
Q

What is an adjuvant?

A

-A compound that incites (encourages) an adaptive immune response

43
Q

What do adjuvants do for vaccines?

A

-Broaden vaccine targets and improve efficacy