1/17/17 Granger Lower Respiratory Tract Infections TEST #1

Question 1

What are the three parts of the infectious disease triad?

Answer 1

• Host
• Environment
• Pathogen

Question 2

What is virulence?

Answer 2

-The ability to cause disease

Question 3

What does diagnosis of pneumonia require?

Answer 3

-Chest x-ray showing parenchymal infiltrates

Question 4

Typical Acute pneumonia is acquired how?

Answer 4

-Community-acquired

Question 5

What does the onset of typical acute pneumonia look like?

Answer 5

• Chills
• Fever
• Wet cough

Question 6

How is typical acute pneumonia measured?

Answer 6

-Hours to days

Question 7

In acute pneumonia what happens when the pleura are involved?

Answer 7

-Chest pain with inspiration

Question 8

What is the pathogenesis of typical acute pneumonia?

Answer 8

-Upper respiratory tract colonizing bacteria (most often Streptococcus pneumoniae)

Question 9

Is virulence high or low in typical acute pneumonia?

Answer 9

-High

Question 10

What type of gram pneumonia is uncommon?

Answer 10

-Gram -

Question 11

Who do you typically see viral pneumonia in?

Answer 11

• Children

- Individuals during influenza epidemics

Question 12

What are the four etiologies of community acquired pneumonia?

Answer 12

• Pneumococcus (most common)
• Haemophilus (largely disappeared)
• Gram -
• Viral pneumonia

Question 13

With pneumonia what happens in the lung?

Answer 13

-Neutrophils fill in the space causing lobar pneumonia

Lung hepatization

Question 14

What are three types of atypical acute pneumonia?

Answer 14

• Walking pneumonia

- Environmentally acquired acute pneumonias

Question 15

What causes walking pneumonia?

Answer 15

• Mycoplasma pneumonia

- Chlamydophila pneumoniae

Question 16

What are three environmentally acquired acute pneumonias?

Answer 16

• Legionella pneumophilia
• Coxiella burnetii
• Chlamydophila psittaci

Question 17

What causes aspiration pneumonia?

Answer 17

-Oropharyngeal bacteria aspirated into the lungs

Question 18

Actinomyces are aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 18

-anaerobic

Question 19

What do you use to treat pulmonary actinomycosis?

Answer 19

-Penicillin IV then PO or clindamycin for 6 -12 months

Question 20

What are four major causes of viral pneumonia?

Answer 20

• Human respiratory viruses
• Hantavirus
• Coronavirus
• Bacterial pneumonia with the wake of influenza

Question 21

What are three complications of acute bacterial pneumonia?

Answer 21

• Necrotizing pneumonitits
• Lung abscess
• Empyema

Question 22

What is empyema?

Answer 22

-spread of infection into potential space between parietal and visceral pleura

Question 23

How is chronic pneumonia measured?

Answer 23

-Weeks to months

Question 24

What does chronic pneumonia require?

Answer 24

-Diagnosis via bronchoscopy or lung biopsy

Question 25

T/F

There is empirical treatment for chronic pneumonia.

Answer 25

False

There is empirical treatment for acute but not for chronic

Question 26

How do you manage acute pneumonia?

Answer 26

-Empirical treatments

Question 27

What do nodules in the lungs indicate?

Answer 27

-Chronic pneumoniae