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Host and Defense 2020 > 4/13/17 Infectious Hepatitis SPIVAK TEST #3 > Flashcards

4/13/17 Infectious Hepatitis SPIVAK TEST #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What two types of hepatitis present as acute hepatitis?

A

A

E

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2
Q

What types of hepatitis present as chronic hepatitis?

A
  • B
  • C
  • D
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3
Q

Is acute or chronic hepatitis asymptomatic?

A

-Chronic

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4
Q

Is acute or chronic hepatitis associated with “flu-like” symptoms, fever, myalgias, and pharyngitis?

A

-Acute

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5
Q

Is acute or chronic hepatitis associated with Jaundice, enlarged, and painful liver?

A

-Acute

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6
Q

Does acute or chronic hepatitis resolve spontaneously (on its own)?

A

-Acute

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7
Q

Does acute or chronic hepatitis persist for years or decades?

A

-Chronic

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8
Q

Does acute or chronic hepatitis have marked elevations in LFT (liver function tests)?

A

-Acute

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9
Q

What is the main type of hepatitis that causes chronic hepatitis?

A

-C

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10
Q

What type of hepatitis can cause both chronic and acute hepatitis?

A

-B

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11
Q

Does acute or chronic hepatitis have normal or sometimes elevated LFTs?

A

-Chronic

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12
Q

What type of virus is Hepatitis A?

A

-Non-enveloped ssRNA virus

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13
Q

How is hepatitis A transmitted?

A

-Fecal-oral route

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14
Q

How long does it take for hepatitis A to show symptoms?

A

-28 days

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15
Q

Is polluted water sources a risk for Hep A?

A

-Yes

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16
Q

What is the most common cause of acute hepatitis?

A

Hep A

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17
Q

When does shedding occur for an individual infected with Hep A?

A
  • 1-3 weeks prior to acute hepatitis

- 1 week after onset of jaundice

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18
Q

T/F Most adults are asymptomatic when infected with Hep A

A
  • False

- Most children are asymptomatic, but most adults do have symptoms

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19
Q

How many vaccine doses are needed for hepatitis A prevention?

A

-Two doses 6-12 months apart

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20
Q

What age should you be when you get vaccinated for Hep A?

A

-Children at 1 or between the ages of 2-18 if not vaccinated (so basically everyone)

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21
Q

What type of virus is Hep E?

A

-Non-enveloped ssRNA virus

22
Q

T/F Hep E causes acute hepatitis that is clinically indistinguishable from Hep A

A

True

23
Q

How is Hep E transmitted?

A
  • Spread via fecal contamination of water

- In Endemic areas such as Asia, North Africa, and the middle east

24
Q

What type of virus is Hep B?

A

-Enveloped DNA virus (partially dsDNA and ssDNA)

25
Q

What is the smallest known human DNA virus?

A

-Hep B

26
Q

How is Hep B transmitted?

A
  • Perinatal (predominated in areas with high prevalence areas with Hep B) (In utero or as a baby)
  • Parenteral (most commonly transmitted blood-borne virus in healthcare setting)
27
Q

What is the most commonly transmitted blood-borne virus in healthcare setting?

A

-Hep B via parenteral

28
Q

T/F There is a vaccine for Hep B

A

True

29
Q

Out of HBV, HCV, and HIV which is most common to acquire and least common if you get stuck with a needle?

A

-HBV, HCV, then HIV (least)

30
Q

What is the most common mode of transmission of Hep B in low-prevalence areas?

A

-Sexually

31
Q

T/F The rate of progression to chronic hepatitis B is inversely correlates with age

A

True (this means if you are young and get it you will more likely develop chronic hepatitis)

32
Q

In acute hepatitis B is a child that is infected symptomatic or asymptomatic?

A

-Asymtomatic

33
Q

T/F Men are less likely to have acute flares of Hep B if infected

A
  • False

- Men are more likely to have acute flares

34
Q

T/F Hep B only manifests in the the liver

A
  • False

- It can have extra-hepatic manifestations

35
Q

What places other than the liver can hep B show manifestations?

A
  • Polyarteritis
  • Membranous nephritis
  • Aplastic anemia
36
Q

T/F HBV can be associated with cirrhosis and Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

A

True

37
Q

T/F HCC can develop in chronic HBV in the absence of cirrhosis

A

True

38
Q

T/F HBeAg is a marker of replication and infectivity

A

True

39
Q

If you have a vaccine against Hep B what should you find in a blood test?

A
    • marker for antibody HBs (surface antigen)
40
Q

What antivirals do you use to treat someone with Hep B?

A
  • IFN

- Nucleoside analogs

41
Q

What are the 1st line drugs in the US for treatment of Hep B?

A
  • Tenofovir

- Entecavir

42
Q

What type of virus is Hep D?

A

-Defective ssRNA virus

43
Q

What type of Hepatitis is a passenger accompanying HBV?

A

-Hep D

44
Q

How do you treat/manage someone with Hep D?

A

-IFN alpha (low success rate though)

45
Q

How can you prevent yourself from getting Hep D?

A

-Be vaccinated against Hep B because it carries Hep D

46
Q

What type of virus is Hep C?

A

-Enveloped RNA virus

47
Q

How is Hep C transmitted?

A

-Blood borne transmission

48
Q

If you have a positive HCV ab what does that tell you?

A

-You have had a past or present infection of Hep C

49
Q

If you have a negative HCV Ab what does that tell you?

A

-You do not have infection

50
Q

If you have HCV RNA what does that tell you?

A

-You have Hep C that isn’t cleared

51
Q

How many genotypes of Hep C are found worldwide?

A

-6

52
Q

T/F Hep C has a vaccination

A

False

-It does not

Host and Defense 2020 (61 decks)

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