vicitms of crime Flashcards
what is victimology?
-study of victims; looking at factors such as chance of becoming a victim in relation to class, gender, ethnicity and religion
-illustrated of victim surveys e.g CSEW
what evidence is there that victims are now seens as costumers/ consumers of CJS?
-CJS is assesed on how well it meets the needs of victims
-priority is now given to vicitms accounts of crimes, rather than police reviwes of evidence
how is the concept of ‘victim’ socially constructed?
-victim of crime when label is attached
-some victims dont report their crime e.g DV
-some crimes never discovered e.g fraud
-may see themsleves as responsible e.g provoking a crime
-refuse label of victim out of embarassment e.g dating scam
what victims support schemes are a key part of the CJS?
-development of restoravative justive-gives victims opoorutnity to confront offenders
-proposal VICTIMS LAW= giving victims legal right to be informed about their case and sentencing of offender
what did SUE LEES say?
-vicitms of rape may be discoruaged to report due to media and info on how victims are treated; not officially treated as victims
what did WALKATE say?
-state has a powerful role in defining who is a victim and less likely to label victims of state crimes
what might effects of victimisation be? primary
-physical harm
-material loss or damage
-anxiety, depression, panic , sleep problems, PTSD
-fear= spending money on improved security
-changes lifestyle -feminists say women restrict their movements e.g not going out after dark
-repeat vicitmistaion= DV
what is secondary victimisation?
-further or double victimisation
-WALKATE= gives example of rape trials where women are put on trial about their previous sexual behaviour and humiliated
-HONOUR KILLINGS= in some asian communtities if women leaves her husband (she may have been a primary vicitm of DV)
and secondary vicitm of honour based violence when trying to leave a RS
gender and victimisation
-men aged 16-24 2x as likely to be vicitms of violent crime as women the same age as them
-women fear violent crime more
-women more likely to be vicitms of DV, sexual
-90% rape cases are W
-only 6% rape cases convicted
age and victimisation
-young people are more likely to be vicitms of crime particulalry violent
-likelihood of being victim declines w age
ethnicity and vicitmisation
-ethnic minority likely to be victim than white british
-tend to be younger , live in poorer areas
-likely to worry ab crime
-vicitms of hate crime/ racially motivated crime
social class and vicitmisation
-poor people likely to be victims(deprived areas)
-inverse victimisation law = those who have least power, fewest material possessions
-liekly to be victims of all crimes
-those who steal from the poor and usually also poor
