measuring crimes

Question 1

which crimes have increased in past 5 yrs?

Answer 1

-knife crimes
-fraud
-robbery
-DV
-sexual assault

Question 2

which crimes have been decreasing in past 5 yrs?

Answer 2

-homicide
-burgalry
-shoplifitng

Question 3

due to covid what crimes increased and decreased?

Answer 3

increase=
-DV
-child abuse
-fraud

decrease=
-theft
-knife crime
-firearms

Question 4

is violent crime increasing?- ellis
1. what are some of the reaosns crime stats on violent crime might not be accurate?

Answer 4

-hard to know if its genuine increase or if police are jus recording it more
-vicitms of violent crime reluctant to come forward

Question 5

2.why might homicide be useful indication of violent crime?

Answer 5

-if theres high rates of homicide mroe likelt to be increase in lethal crimes

Question 6

what has happened to rates of violent crimes in the the uK recently ?

Answer 6

-2018= higher rates of death from knife crime
-march 2019= rates of homicide declined towards the end of the month

Question 7

what are the geogrraphic variations of violent crime?

Answer 7

-homcidies more common in deprived areas
-weapon enabled crime more in brum and ldn

Question 8

what has happened to rates of violent crime in the home?

Answer 8

-towards women increased in recent years
-number of women killed by violence increased in past 2 years

Question 9

what are some of the macro causes of the increase in violence?

Answer 9

-drug related homicides
-confrontations over drug markets

Question 10

how might recession have had an imapct on levels of violence?

Answer 10

-reduced incomes didnt allow for women to espcape violent homes
-cuts in amount of funding available for servies which offered a way out

Question 11

1. what are the idff purposes that offcial stats on crime may be used for?

Answer 11

-identify trends in crime
-see how efficient policies are
-show where police resources should be allocated
-identify patterns to policing and stereotypes

Question 12

2.4 key sources that crime stats are complied from?

Answer 12

-police recorded crime
-victim surveys
-self report studies
-court and prison records

Question 13

3. key problems w official crime stats?

Answer 13

-not all crimes reported to police
-not all crimes recorded by police
-gov infulence stats by intro/ change laws
-gov funds affect types of crimes detected

Question 14

4.how official crime stats are affected by policing polcicies?

Answer 14

1.police ‘screen out’ some crimes; can be dropped and not investigated
2.police cant investigate all crimes
3.some crimes given more attention than others so brings the illusion that some crimes hv increased
4.ways crimes are reported changes overtime so hard to make comparisons

Question 15

what are the changes that may occur in reporting and recording of crime?

Answer 15

-easier communications
-changes in law
-higher police rates
-the media
-changing norms
-changing police attitudes and polciies

Question 16

what are victim surveys and how might they overcome some of the limitations of official stats?

Answer 16

-victim surveys = sent out to random sample of the pop and ask public if they have been vicitm of a crime
- overcome limitiations as they include crimes not reported to police

Question 17

issues with victim surveys?

Answer 17

-exaggerate or lie
-ppl may forget certain incidents
-not admit they are victim
-unaware they were an actual victim

Question 18

Facts on the CSEW?

Answer 18

-excludes some crime e.g homicide, crimes againsit business and those in living in institutions e.g care homes
-only crimes in last 12 months

Question 19

what are self report studies? and how might they overcome issues w OCS and victim surverys?

Answer 19

-self report studies are sent out to random sample asking ab crimes theyve commited
-they include crimes not reported to police
-include crimes not covered in CSew
-Include victimless crimes

Question 20

what are the issues w self report studies?

Answer 20

-ppl can lie
-unaware certain crimes theyve been in
-unrepresentative - not sent to prisons and homeless

Question 21

how media infulences crime stats?

Answer 21

-affect peoples percerptions ab how much and what type of crimes are taking place
-exaggertaed perceprtion of crime
-infulencing polcicing patterns and polcies e.g increase stop and search

Question 22

1.magistrates court
2.solicitor
3.probation officer
4.youth offending team

Answer 22

1.normally handles minor offences for exmaple minor damage and common assault
2.help u if accused of a crime, reprsent u in legal rights
3.person who investigates, report and supervise the conduct of convited offenders
4.work w young people that get in trouble with the law - help them stay away from crime

Question 23

5.custody
6. judge
7.crown court

Answer 23

5.sentence given by court that involves a term of imprisonment
6.hear evidence in criminal and civil courts and make rulings
7.deals w most serious crime cases

Question 24

8.barrister
9.summary offences
10. the old bailey

Answer 24

8.reprsent their clients in court and often called upon to provide specilait advice
9.minor offences - not causing signficant injuries
10. most serious crime cases take place here

Question 25

what is meant by the term county lines?

Answer 25

-drugs transported from one area to another across local authorties usually coerced into gangs using mobile phone wire used to take drug orders

Question 26

whos likely to be involved in county line operations?

Answer 26

-boys from low income
-working class
-promised money
-buy them presents

Question 27

1.crime
2.deviance
3.micro crimnal

Answer 27

1.act that breaks the law
2.acts goes aganisit norms of society
3.commiting a low status crime

Question 28

4.police recorded crime
5.crime survery for england and wales

Answer 28

4.ONS official crime stats are partly based on this- crime which have been reported to or detected and recorded by police
5.ONS partly based on this - data from the annual victim survey

Question 29

6.self report studies
7.screening out

Answer 29

6.questionnaire surveys which ask ab crimes you have commited in the past year
7.certain crimes that reported to police are allowed to be ‘dropped’ and not investigated