CHP 41: RESUSC OF CRITICAL PT

Question 1

what is anchoring bias

Answer 1

settles on finding too early in diagnostic process and doesn’t adjust their diagnosis as new info is acquired

Question 2

what is confirmation bias

Answer 2

rely on info confirming primary diagnosis and downplaying info that does not agree with it

Question 3

H’s and T’s

Answer 3

hypovolemia, hypoxia, hydrogen ions, hypo/hyperkalemia, hypothermia, tension pneumo, tamponade (cardiac), toxins, thrombosis (pulmonary) and thrombosis (coronary)

Question 4

what is stroke volume

Answer 4

amount of blood pumped with each contraction of heart

Question 5

what is cardiac output

Answer 5

volume of blood heart pumps per minute

Question 6

what is precontraction pressure also known as

Answer 6

preload

Question 7

what is the Frank-Starling mechanism

Answer 7

when muscle stretches, myocardial contractility increases leading to greater contraction and increased cardiac output

Question 8

what is the force against which the heart pumps

Answer 8

afterload

Question 9

what is systemic vascular resistance

Answer 9

resistance to blood flow within all blood vessels except pulmonary

Question 10

what is mean arterial pressure

Answer 10

BP required to sustain organ perfusion

Question 11

what is pulse pressure

Answer 11

difference between SBP and DBP

Question 12

what is the “perfusion triangle”

Answer 12

the heart, blood vessels, and blood/body fluids

Question 13

where are baroreceptors located

Answer 13

aortic arch and carotid sinuses

Question 14

what do baroreceptors sense

Answer 14

decreased BP

Question 15

what do chemoreceptors measure

Answer 15

carbon dioxide in arterial blood

Question 16

compensated vs decompensated shock

Answer 16

compensated: weak pulse, cool moist skin, SOB, N/V, normal BP

decompensated: AMS, hypotension, weak or absent peripheral pulses, dilated pupils

Question 17

what is the last measurable factor to change in schock

Answer 17

BP

Question 18

cardiogenic shock causes and major S/S

Answer 18

inadequate heart function - chest pain, pulmonary edema

Question 19

obstructive shock causes and major S/S

Answer 19

tension pneumo and cardiac tamponade - Beck triad, absent breath sounds

Question 20

central shock vs peripheral shock

Answer 20

central: cardiogenic and obstructive

peripheral: hypovolemic and distributive

Question 21

septic shock causes and major S/S

Answer 21

bacterial infection - high temp and tachy

Question 22

neurogenic shock causes and major S/S

Answer 22

spinal cord injury - brady, low BP, signs of neck injury

Question 23

anaphylactic shock causes and major S/S

Answer 23

allergic reaction - rash, generalized edema

Question 24

psychogenic shock causes and major S/S

Answer 24

temporary vascular dilation or anxiety - tachy

Question 25

hypovolemic shock causes and major S/S

Answer 25

blood or fluid loss - AMS, increased RR, weak pulse, low BP

Question 26

respiratory insufficient shock and major S/S

Answer 26

severe chest injury or airway obstruction - cyanosis, clammy skin, increased RR