CHP 41: RESUSC OF CRITICAL PT Flashcards
what is anchoring bias
settles on finding too early in diagnostic process and doesn’t adjust their diagnosis as new info is acquired
what is confirmation bias
rely on info confirming primary diagnosis and downplaying info that does not agree with it
H’s and T’s
hypovolemia, hypoxia, hydrogen ions, hypo/hyperkalemia, hypothermia, tension pneumo, tamponade (cardiac), toxins, thrombosis (pulmonary) and thrombosis (coronary)
what is stroke volume
amount of blood pumped with each contraction of heart
what is cardiac output
volume of blood heart pumps per minute
what is precontraction pressure also known as
preload
what is the Frank-Starling mechanism
when muscle stretches, myocardial contractility increases leading to greater contraction and increased cardiac output
what is the force against which the heart pumps
afterload
what is systemic vascular resistance
resistance to blood flow within all blood vessels except pulmonary
what is mean arterial pressure
BP required to sustain organ perfusion
what is pulse pressure
difference between SBP and DBP
what is the “perfusion triangle”
the heart, blood vessels, and blood/body fluids
where are baroreceptors located
aortic arch and carotid sinuses
what do baroreceptors sense
decreased BP
what do chemoreceptors measure
carbon dioxide in arterial blood
compensated vs decompensated shock
compensated: weak pulse, cool moist skin, SOB, N/V, normal BP
decompensated: AMS, hypotension, weak or absent peripheral pulses, dilated pupils
what is the last measurable factor to change in schock
BP
cardiogenic shock causes and major S/S
inadequate heart function - chest pain, pulmonary edema
obstructive shock causes and major S/S
tension pneumo and cardiac tamponade - Beck triad, absent breath sounds
central shock vs peripheral shock
central: cardiogenic and obstructive
peripheral: hypovolemic and distributive
septic shock causes and major S/S
bacterial infection - high temp and tachy
neurogenic shock causes and major S/S
spinal cord injury - brady, low BP, signs of neck injury
anaphylactic shock causes and major S/S
allergic reaction - rash, generalized edema
psychogenic shock causes and major S/S
temporary vascular dilation or anxiety - tachy
hypovolemic shock causes and major S/S
blood or fluid loss - AMS, increased RR, weak pulse, low BP
respiratory insufficient shock and major S/S
severe chest injury or airway obstruction - cyanosis, clammy skin, increased RR
