CHAPTER 7: MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Flashcards
GREEK DERIVITIVES
MOST MEDICAL TERMS THAT REFER TO DISEASE, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT
LATIN DERIVITIVES
ANOTOMIC STRUCTURES
EPONYMS
NAMED ON PERSON WHO INVENTED OR DISCOVERED IT (ALZHEIMERS)
HOMONYMS
TWO OR MORE WORDS THAT ARE SPELLED OR PRONOUNCED THE SAME WAY BUT HAVE DIFFERENT MEANINGS
ANTONYMS
PAIRS WITH OPPOSITE MEANING
SYNONYMS
PAIRS WITH SAME OR SIMILAR MEANING
WORD ROOTS
FOUNDATION OF THE TERM
PREFIX
PORTION THAT APPEARS BEFORE THE WORD ROOT
SUFFIX
PORTION THAT APPEARS AFTER THE WORD ROOT
COMINING FORMS
ADDING A VOWEL TO LINK ONE OR MORE WORD ROOTS TO ANOTHER COMPONENT OF A TERM
COMPOUND WORDS
CONTAINING MORE THAN ONE WORD ROOT
PLURAL OF -A
-AE
PLURAL OF -IS
-ES
PLURAL OF -EX
-IX
PURAL OF -ON
-UM
PLURAL OF -US
-I
DESCRIBE ANATOMICAL POSITION AND ITS IMPORTANCE
PERSON STANDING, FACING YOU, ARMS AT THE SIDES WITH PALM OF HANDS FACING FOWARD
USED SO VARIOUS DIRECTIONAL TERMS STAY CONSTANT REGARDLESS OF PATIENT’S ACTUAL BODY POSITION
CORONAL/FRONTAL PLANE
DIVIDES BODY VERTICALLY INTO FRONT (VENTRAL) AND BACK (DORSAL)
TRANSVERSE/AXIAL PLANE
DIVIDES BODY AT THE WAIST CREATING TOP AND BOTTOM PORTIONS
SAGITTAL/LATERAL PLANE
DIVIDES BODY VERTICALLY INTO LEFT AND RIGHT PORTIONS
MIDSAGITTAL PLANE
IF SAGITTAL LINE DIVIDES BODY INTO EQUAL HALVES
ANTEROPOSTERIOR AXIS
PERPENDICULAR TO CORONAL PLANE
LONGITUDINAL AXIS
PERPENDICULAR TO TRANSVERSE PLANE
LONGITUDINAL AXIS
PERPENDICULAR TO TRANSVERSE PLANE
CROSS SECTION
SLICING ACROSS AN OBJECT PERPENDICULAR TO ITS LONG AXIS
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
CUT AN OBJECT ALONG ITS LONG AXIS
SUPERIOR
PORTION ABOVE OR CLOSEST TO HEAD FROM REFERENCE POINT
INFERIOR
PORTION CLOSEST TO THE FEET
LATERAL
LIES FARTHER FROM MIDLINE
MEDIAL
LIES CLOSER TO MIDLINE
PROXIMAL
STRUCUTURES CLOSER TO THE BODY
DISTAL
STRUCTURES CLOSER TO THE BODY
DISTAL
STRUCTURES FARTHER FROM THE TRUNK
SUPERFICIAL
CLOSER TO OR ON SURFACE OF SKIN
DEEP
FARTHER INSIDE BODY
ANTERIOR/VENTRAL
BELLY SIDE OF BODY
POSTERIOR/DORSAL
SPINAL SIDE OF BODY
PALMAR
FRONT REGION OF HAND
PLANTAR
BOTTOM OF FOOT
APEX
TIP OF A STRUCTURE
RANGE OF MOTION
FULL DISTANCE THAT A JOINT CAN BE MOVED
FLEXION
MOVING THE DISTAL POINT OF AN EXTREMITY TOWARD THE TRUNK
EXTENSION
RETURN OF A BODY PART FROM FLEXED POSITION TO ANATOMIC POSITION
ABDUCTION
EXTREMITY MOVES AWAY FROM MIDLINE
ADDUCTION
MOVES EXTREMITY TOWARD THE MIDLINE
HYPERFLEXION
BODY PART FLEXED TO MAX LEVEL OR BEYOND NORMAL RANGE OF MOTION
HYPEREXTENSION
EXTENSION OF BODY TO MAX LEVEL OR BEYOND NORMAL RANGE OF MOTION
SUPINATION
TURNING OF PALMS UPWARD
PRONATION
TURNING PALMS DOWNWARD
INTERNAL ROTATION
TURNING ANTERIOR PORTION OF EXTREMITY TOWARD MIDLINE
EXTERNAL ROTATION
TURNING EXTREMITY AWAY FROM MIDLINE
BILATERAL
BODY PART OR CONDION THAT OCCURS ON BOTH SIDES
UNILATERAL
STRUCTURE ONLY ON ONE SIDE OF BODY
CONTRALATERAL
OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE BODY
4 ABDOMINAL QUADRANTS
RUQ (LIVER AND GALLBLADDER)
LUQ (COSTAL ARCH, SPLEEN, STOMACH)
RLQ (CECUM AND APPENDIX)
LLQ (SMALL INTESTINE, COLON, INGUINAL LIGAMENT, RECTUM)
PRONE
LYING FACE DOWN
SUPINE
LYING FACE UP
FOWLER POSITION
SITTING STRAIGHT UP
SEMI-FOWLER
SITTING WITH BACK AT 45 DEGREES
RECOVERY POSITION/LEFT LATERAL RECUMBENT
LYING ON THE LEFT SIDE WITH HEAD RESTING ON BOTTOM ARM, TOP KNEE IS BENT
ABBREVIATION
SHORTENING OF WORD AND PRONOUNCING EACH LETTER SEPARATELY
ACRONYM
FORM SHORTED WORDS FROM INITIALS OF SEVERAL WORDS TO PRODUCE NEW WORD