CHP 35: HEAD/SPINE TRAUMA

Question 1

head injury vs TBI

Answer 1

head injury: traumatic insult to head resulting in injury to soft tissues or skull

TBI: impairment of brain function

Question 2

how many bones are in the skull

Answer 2

28

Question 3

what is hematopoiesis and where does it take place in the head

Answer 3

blood cell generation, cranial fault

Question 4

what is a coup-contrecoup injury

Answer 4

brain impacts two sides of the skull

Question 5

loss of blood flow to the brain for ___seconds will result in unresponsiveness

Answer 5

5-10

Question 6

largest portion of the brain and its responsibility

Answer 6

cerebrum - higher functions and decision making

Question 7

what is the falx cerebelli

Answer 7

divides cerebrum into right and left hemispheres

Question 8

what is the cerebral cortex and its responsibility

Answer 8

outer covering of gray matter over cerebral hemispheres - voluntary skeletal movement and LOC

Question 9

frontal lobe function

Answer 9

voluntary motor action and personality traits - filters emotional impulses from limbic system

Question 10

parietal lobe function

Answer 10

info processing from sensory receptors - pain and proprioception

math

Question 11

occipital lobe function

Answer 11

processing visual info

Question 12

temporal lobe function

Answer 12

speech center and long term memory, hearing, taste, and smell

Question 13

cerebellum function

Answer 13

“athlete of brain” maintaining posture and equilibrium in coordinated movements

Question 14

what does the brainstem consist of

Answer 14

midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 15

where and what is the reticular activating system

Answer 15

high in the brainstem - maintaining consciousness

Question 16

meninges function

Answer 16

protective layers around brain and spinal cord

Question 17

layers of the meninges from outter to inner

Answer 17

dura, arachnoid, pia mater

Question 18

where does an epidural hematoma take place and what usually causes it

Answer 18

between dura mater and skull - rupture of middle meningeal artery

Question 19

where does subdural hematoma occur and what usually causes it

Answer 19

between dura mater and arachnoid membrane - rupture of bridging veins in this space

Question 20

where does subarachnoid hemorrhage take place

Answer 20

below arachnoid membrane

Question 21

how many bones in the spinal column

Answer 21

33 bones

Question 22

5 sections (from top to bottom) of the spinal column

Answer 22

cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5 fused), coccygeal (3-5)

Question 23

where on the spine is a common cause of injury

Answer 23

lumbar section

Question 24

spinal cord injury at or above what level in the spine may disrupt flow of sympathetic communication

Answer 24

T6