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PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > CHAPTER 13: PNS AND REFLEX ACTIVITY > Flashcards

CHAPTER 13: PNS AND REFLEX ACTIVITY Flashcards

1
Q

CHEMORECEPTORS

A

RESPOND TO CHEMICALS IN SOLUTION IN SMELL/TASTED MOLECULES AND IN CHANGES IN BLOOD/INTERSTITIAL FLUID

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2
Q

MECHANORECEPTORS

A

RESPOND TO MECHANICAL FORCES LIKE PRESSURE, TOUCH VIBRATIONS

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3
Q

NOCICEPTORS

A

RESPOND TO DAMAGING STIMULI LIKE EXTREME HEAT/COLD, EXCESSIVE PRESSURE, INFLAMMATORY CHEMICALS

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4
Q

PHOTORECEPTORS

A

RESPOND TO LIGHT (RETINAS)

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5
Q

THERMORECEPTORS

A

RESPOND TO TEMPERATURE CHANGES

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6
Q

NONENCAPSULATED (FREE) NERVE ENDINGS

A

ENDINGS OF SENSORY NEURONS THAT ARE NON-MYELINATED
RESPOND TO TOUCH AND TEMPERATURE
COMMON IN EPITHELIA AND CONNECTIVE TISSUES

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7
Q

ENCAPSULATED NERVE ENDINGS

A

CONTAIN ONE OR MORE FIBER TERMINALS OF SENSORY NEURONS
ENDINGS OF SENSORY NEURONS THAT ARE MYELINATED
MECHANORECEPTORS

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8
Q

WHAT IS SENSATION

A

AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES EXTERNALLY AND INTERNALLY

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9
Q

WHAT IS PERCEPTION

A

HOW SENSATION CHANGES ARE INTERPRETED

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10
Q

RECEPTOR LEVEL VS. CIRCUIT LEVEL

A

RECEPTOR LEVEL: SENSORY RECEPTORS
CIRCUIT LEVEL: PROCESSING IN THE ASCENDING PATHWAYS

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11
Q

TONIC VS PHASIC RECEPTORS

A

TONIC: ALWAYS ACTIVE
AKA SLOW-ADAPTING RECEPTORS

PHASIC: NORMALLY INACTIVE BUT BECOME ACTIVE FOR A SHORT TIME WHEN CHANGE OCCURS IN THE CONDITIONS THEY MONITOR
AKA FAST-ADAPTING RECEPTORS

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12
Q

REFERRED PAIN

A

VISCERAL PAIN THAT APPEARS TO BE COMING FROM A DIFFERENT AREA OF THE BODY FROM WHERE IT’S ACTUALLY BEING STIMULATED (HEART ATTACK LEFT ARM)

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13
Q

ACUTE VS CHRONIC PAIN FIBERS

A

ACUTE: MYELINATED NERVE FIVERS THAT CONDUCT IMPULSES FAST AND PRODUCE SHARP PAIN

CHRONIC: UNMYELINATED NERVE FIBERS THAT CONDUCT IMPULSES SLOW AND PRODUCE DULL ACHEY PAIN

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14
Q

SENSORY VS MOTOR NERVES

A

SENSORY: AKA AFFERENT - CARRY IMPULSES TOWARD THE CNS

MOTOR: AKA EFFERENT - CARRY IMPULSES AWAY FROM CNS TO BODY

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15
Q

OLFACTORY CRANIAL NERVE

A
  1. SMELL
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16
Q

OPTIC

A
  1. VISION
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17
Q

OCULOMOTOR

A
  1. MOVEMENT OF EYE/EYELIDS IN ITS ORBIT
18
Q

TORCHLEAR

A
  1. MOVEMENT OF EYES VIA EXTRINSIC EYE MUSCLE
19
Q

TRIGEMINAL

A
  1. LARGEST CRANIAL NERVE - CHEWING, TOUCH, TEMP, PAIN
20
Q

ABDUCENS

A
  1. LATERAL EYE MOVEMENT
21
Q

FACIAL

A
  1. FACIAL EXPRESSION, TEARS, SALIVA
    DAMAGE TO THIS CAN CAUSE BELL’S PALSY
22
Q

VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR

A
  1. AUDITORY NERVE - HEARING/EQUILIBRIUM
23
Q

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL

A
  1. SWALLOWING/TONGUE
24
Q

VAGUS

A
  1. SPEECH/SWALLOWING, IMPULSES TO HEART, SMOOTH MUSCLE, THORACIC/ABDOMINAL GLANDS
    DAMAGE COULD BE FATAL
25
Q

ACCESSORY

A
  1. SUPPLY MOTOR FIBERS TO TRAPS AND STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID AND TRANSMITS IMPULSES TO PHARYNX/LARYNX AND NECK/BACK
26
Q

HYPOGLOSSAL

A
  1. TONGUE MOVEMENT FOR CHEWING/SWALLOWING/SPEECH
    COMPRESSION OF THIS NERVE CAUSES LOSS OF TONGUE MOVEMENT
27
Q

WHAT SUPPLILES THE SOMATIC REGION OF THE BODY

A

SPINAL NERVE RAMI AND THEIR MAIN BRANCHES

28
Q

CUTANEOUS VS PHRENIC NERVES

A

CUTANEOUS: SUPPLY THE SKIN
PHRENIC NERVES: CONDUCT MOTOR IMPULSES TO DIAPHRAGM

29
Q

WHERE ARE CERVICAL PLEXUSES FOUND AND WHAT DO THEY DO

A

DEEP IN THE NECK
SUPPLY THE SKIN AND CONDUCT DIAPHRAGM IMPULSES

30
Q

WHERE ARE BRACHIAL PLEXUSES FOUND AND WHAT DO THEY DO

LARGEST NERVE IN BRACHIAL PLEXUS

A

SHOULDERS
SUPPLY THE SKIN AND MUSCLE OF ARMS/HANDS
COMMUNICATE WITH THE SYMPATHETIC TRUNK

RADIAL NERVE

31
Q

WHERE ARE LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUSES FOUND AND WHAT DO THEY DO

LARGEST NERVE IN LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS

A

LUMBAR, SACRAL, COCCYX AND INTO PELVIC CAVITY
SUPPLY SKIN/MUSCLES OF ABDOMINAL WALL, BUTT, GENETALIA, LEGS, FEET

SCIATIC NERVE

32
Q

LONGEST AND THICKEST NERVE IN ENTIRE BODY

A

SCIATIC NERVE

33
Q

HOW DOES A REFLEX ARC WORK

A

SENSORY IMPULSES FROM RECEPTORS CAN REACH THEIR EFFECTORS WITHOUT BEING PROCESSED BY BRAIN

34
Q

WHAT IS A MONOSYNAPTIC REFLEX

A

IN THE REFLEX ARC WHEN THE INTEGRATION CENTER ONLY USES A SINGLE SYNAPSE BETWEEN THE SENSORY NEURON AND MOTOR NUERON

35
Q

SOMATIC REFLEX

A

ACTIVATES SKELETAL MUSCLE FOR INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

36
Q

AUTONOMIC REFLEX

A

ACTIVATES VISCERAL EFFECTORS IN SMOOTH OR CARDIAC MUSCLE OR GLANDS

37
Q

LONG VS SHORT REFLEXES

A

LONG: COORDINATE ACTIVITIES IN ENTIRE ORGAN AND PROCESSED BY CNS

SHORT: TARGET SPECIFIC PART OF ORGAN AND DO NOT USE CNS

38
Q

SPINAL REFLEXES

A

CAN OCCUR WITHOUT INVOLVEMENT OF BRAIN

39
Q

WHAT IS GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME AND HOW IS IT REPAIRED

A

DAMAGE TO THE MYELIN SHEATH
MAY BE REPAIRED BY SCHWANN CELLS

40
Q

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE PNS WITH AGING

A

SENSORY RECEPTORS ATROPHY, MYELIN SHEATHS DEGENERATE, NEURONS ARE LOST AND HAVE FEWER SYNAPSES
SLOWER CONDUCTION OF IMPULSES
DECREASED SENSATION AND REFLEXES

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL (74 decks)

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