CHP 38: ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA Flashcards
components of the axial skeleton
vertebral column, skull, ribs, and sternum
components of the appendicular skeleton
pectoral and pelvic girdles and upper/lower extremity bones
what does the shoulder girdle consist of
scapula and clavicle
what is a FOOSH
fall on outstretched hand
supination vs pronation
supination: palms up
pronation: palms down
where does most hand function come from
forearm muscles
what allows the foot to be positioned away from the body for balance and strength
thigh
what bone supports 90% of the upper body’s weight
tibia
when does skeletal injuries result
when tissues are impacted by forces that exceed tissues’ physiologic limitations
at what age do bones decrease in density
35y/o
when does bone density decrease in women
post menopause
what is a significant decrease in bone density called
osteoporosis
what is FRAX
fracture risk assessment tool used to evaluate pt’s 10-year probability of fracture
what type of injury is indirect force
falling from height and landing on feet, causing pelvic fractures
what is indirect injury
force strikes one region of body and is transferred to area away from point of impact
what do twisting injuries result in
fractures, sprains, and dislocations
what are fatigue fractures also called
stress fractures
what is a fracture
break in the continuity of a bone
what is new bone called
osteoid
3 ways a fracture may be classified
direction of fracture line, number of fractures on bone, or number of cortices (outer layers of bone) involved
open vs closed fracture
open: break in overlying skin allows fracture to communicate with outside environment
closed: skin over fracture site remains intact
what is a linear fracture
parallel to long axis of the bone
what is a transverse fracture
straight across bone at right angles
what is an oblique fracture
angled across the bone
