A&P CHAPTER 10: MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

MUSCLE THAT CONTRACTS TO PROVIDE MOST OF A DESIRED MOVEMENT IS CALLED A ____ OR ______

Answer 1

PRIME MOVER OR AGONIST

Question 2

MUSCLE THAT WORKS WITH A PRIME MOVER TO MAKE ITS ACTION MORE EFFECTIVE IS A ______

Answer 2

SYNERGIST

Question 3

MUSCLE THAT ASSISTS AGONIST BY PREVENTING ANOTHER JOINT FROM MOVING TO STABILIZE THE ORIGIN OF THE AGONIST IS CALLED _____
WHAT KIND OF MUSCLE IS IT?

Answer 3

FIXATORS
SYNERGIST

Question 4

WHAT MUSCLE CAUSES MOVEMENT IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION OF AN AGONIST?

Answer 4

ANTAGONIST

Question 5

THE MUSCLE CONNECTION AT AN IMMOVABLE PART IS CALLED THE ____ AND THE CONNECTION TO A MOVEABLE PART IS CALLED THE ____

Answer 5

ORIGIN
INSERTION

Question 6

_____ DESCRIBES THE DECREASE IN THE ANGLE OF A JOINT

Answer 6

FLEXION

Question 7

_____ DESCRIBES THE INCREASE IN THE ANGLE OF A JOINT

Answer 7

EXTENSION

Question 8

MOST MUSCLES ARE CLASSIFIED AS _____ MUSCLES ACCORDING TO ARRANGEMENT TYPES

Answer 8

PARALLEL

Question 9

PARALLEL MUSCLES

Answer 9

FASCICLES ARE PARALLLEL TO THE LONG AXES

Question 10

SPINDLE-SHAPED MUSCLES ARE CALLED _____

Answer 10

FUSIFORM MUSCLES

Question 11

CONVERGENT MUSCLES

Answer 11

MUSCLE FASCICLES EXTEND OVER A BROAD AREA CONVERGING TO A SIGNLE ATTACHMENT SITE

Question 12

PENNATE MUSCLES

Answer 12

FASCICLES CREATE A COMMON ANGLE WITH THE TENDON AND MUSCLE FIBERS PULL AT AN ANGLE

Question 13

CIRCULAR MUSCLE

Answer 13

AKA SPHINCTER
FASCICLES ARE ARRANGED AROUND AN OPENING IN A CONCENTRIC PATTERN

Question 14

SEVEN CLASSIFICATIONS OF MUSCLE FIBERS

Answer 14

LOCATION
SHAPE
SIZE
DIRECTION OF FIBERS
NUMBER OF ORIGINS
LOCATION OF ATTACHMENTS
ACTIONS

Question 15

FAST FIBERS

Answer 15

REACH PEAK TWITCH TENSION IN LESS THAT 0.01SECS
CONTAIN LARGE RESERVES OF GLYCOGEN
FATIGUE QUICKLY
“WHITE MUSCLES”

Question 16

SLOW FIBERS

Answer 16

TAKE 3X AS LONG TO REACH PEAK TENSION THAN FAST FIBERS
CAN CONTRACT FOR LONGER
HOLD LARGE OXYGEN RESERVES
“RED MUSCLES”

Question 17

INTERMEDIATE FIBERS

Answer 17

BETWEEN SLOW AND FAST FIBERS
MORE RESISTANT TO FATIGUE THAN FAST FIBERS
“LIGHT RED MUSCLES”

Question 18

ANY RIGID STRUCTURE THAT MOVES ON A FIXED POINT IS CALLED A ______

Answer 18

LEVER

Question 19

THE FIXED POINT THAT A LEVER MOVES ON IS CALLED A ____

Answer 19

FULCRUM

Question 20

APPLIED FORCE IN A LEVER SYSTEM IS THE ____

Answer 20

EFFORT

Question 21

THE RESISTANCE IN A LEVER SYSTEM IS THE ____

Answer 21

LOAD

Question 22

FIRST-CLASS LEVERS

Answer 22

“SEESAW”
EFFORT APPLIED AT ONE END, FULCRUM BETWEEN, LOAD AT OTHER END

Question 23

SECOND-CLASS LEVERS

Answer 23

EFFORT AT ONE END, LOAD BETWEEN, FULCRUM ON THE OTHER END

Question 24

THIRD-CLASS LEVERS

Answer 24

LOAD AT ONE END, EFFORT BETWEEN, FULCRUM AT OTHER END

Question 25

DISTRIBUTION OF NERVES TO A REGION OR ORGAN IS CALLED ___

Answer 25

INNERVATION

Question 26

WHAT AGE DO SKELETAL MUSCLES REACH THEIR MAXIMUM SIZE?

Answer 26

25 YEARS OLD

Question 27

UNTIL WHAT AGE IS MUSCLE BUILT UP AND BROKEN DOWN EVENLY?

Answer 27

30 YEARS OLD

Question 28

WHAT CAUSES SKELETAL MUSCLES TO BECOME LESS ELASTIC WITH AGING

Answer 28

FIBROSIS