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PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > BLOCK 3: HAZMAT > Flashcards

BLOCK 3: HAZMAT Flashcards

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1
Q

OSHA document describing hazmat response competencies is called what

A

HAZWOPER

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2
Q

what is the EPA’s parallel to HAZWOPER

A

40 CFR 311

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3
Q

who decides how much hazmat response training will be required by EMS responders

A

AHJ - authority having jurisdiction

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4
Q

levels of hazmat training

A

awareness: recognize hazmat, isolate, call for assistance
operations: defensive, not direct contact
technician: directly involved
specialist: experts in handling specific substances

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5
Q

how paramedics protect themselves and others at hazmat scene

A

RAIN - recognize, avoid, isolate, notify

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6
Q

DOT class 1

A

explosives

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7
Q

DOT class 2

A

gases

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8
Q

DOT class 3

A

flammable/combustible liquids

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9
Q

DOT class 4

A

flammable solids, spontaneously combustible, water-reactive substances

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10
Q

DOT class 5

A

oxidizing materials or organic peroxides

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11
Q

DOT class 6

A

toxic and infectious substances

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12
Q

DOT class 7

A

radioactive materials

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13
Q

DOT class 8

A

corrosive materials

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14
Q

DOT class 9

A

misc. hazmat products

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15
Q

nine DOT chemical families acronym

A

Every (Explosives)
Girl (Gases)
Loves (flammable Liquids)
Some (flammable Solids)
Oral (Oxiziding)
Tongue (Toxic)
Right? (Radioactive)
C’ (Corrosive)
Mon (Miscellaneous)

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16
Q

what is yellow section of ERG for

A

to look up chemical by ID number

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17
Q

what is blue section of ERG for

A

look up chemical by alphabetical name

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18
Q

what is the white section of the ERG for

A

identify shape of vehicle for general information

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19
Q

what is the green section of the ERG for

A

evacuation and protective action distance

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20
Q

placard vs label

A

placard: 10.8 inches each side, for transportation carriers, identifies hazard class and 4-digit chemical ID number

label: 3.9 inches on each side, for smaller boxes, only labels potential hazard inside

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21
Q

bill of lading or freight bill

A

roadway transport

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22
Q

waybill or consist

A

rail transport

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23
Q

air bill

A

air transport

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24
Q

dangerous cargo manifest

A

water transport

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25
Q

what organization has a telephone line to assist responders with chemical info

A

CHEMTREC

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26
Q

NFPA 704 placards

A

red=fire
blue=health hazard
yellow=reactivity
white=special info
scale of 0 (no hazard) to 4 (severe risk)

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27
Q

what do permanent manufacturing or storage facilities contain to provide in-depth info about hazmat

A

safety data sheet (SDS)

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28
Q

bulk vs nonbulk storage containers

A

bulk: fixed tanks, cargo, railcars
nonbulk: anything not bulk, drums, cylinders

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29
Q

what is secondary containment

A

engineered method to control spilled or released product if main containment vessel fails

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30
Q

what is an intermodal tank

A

both a shipping and storage vessel

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31
Q

storage drums

A

barrel-like, can hold anything depending on barrel material

32
Q

storage bags

A

store solids and powders

33
Q

signal words to indicate relative toxicity of material
danger-poison:
danger:
warning:
caution:

A

danger-poison: highly toxic all routes of entry
danger: severe eye damage/skin irritation
warning: moderately toxic
caution: minor toxicity/eye damage/skin irritation

34
Q

storage carboys

A

transport corrosives in glass surrounded by wood

35
Q

storage cylinders

A

hold liquids and gases

36
Q

3 zones on a hazmat scene

A

hot: contamination zone for properly trained rescuers
warm: decon
cold: another buffer zone “clean” for medics

37
Q

difference between evac, rescue, and shelter in place

A

evacuation: removing/relocating people who may be affected
rescue: removing/relocating people already affected
shelter-in-place: keeping people inside

38
Q

different levels of hazmat ensembles

A

Level A: fully encapsulating and SCBA (direct responders)
Level B: level B - for respiratory not skin protection, not fully-encapsulating but air supply (decon)
Level C: for known substance, minimal splash protection and air purifying respirator (receivers of exposed patients and officers providing perimeter control)
level D: dust mask (cold zone)

39
Q

how harm caused by a hazmat is affected (4)

A

route of exposure
dose and concentration
how long toxin was in contact with body
if it exhibits delayed or acute toxicity

40
Q

primary vs secondary contamination

A

primary: direct exposure of patient to hazmat
secondary: hazmat transferred person to person or object to person

41
Q

4 primary methods of exposure

A

inhalation, ingestion, injection, absorption

42
Q

local vs systemic effect of exposure

A

local: localized (redness, pain, blisters)
systemic: damage occuring inside body

43
Q

what is the dose effect principle

A

the greater the length of time or the greater the concentration of the material, the greater the effect on the human body will probably be

44
Q

will liquids with high vapor pressure evaporate slower or quicker than liquids with low vapor pressure

A

quicker

45
Q

what is vapor pressure

A

liquids held inside a closed container will build pressure in the inner space above the liquid

46
Q

what 5 things affect evaporation rate

A

temperature of air and pavement, wind speed, shade, humidity, surface area

47
Q

what is vapor density

A

compares hazmat gas to air

48
Q

what is air’s vapor density

A

1

49
Q

examples of gases heavier than air

A

propane, butane, carbon dioxide

50
Q

examples of gases lighter than air

A

ammonia, acetylene, methane, hydrogen

51
Q

what is flash point

A

temperature at which a liquid fuel giving off vapors will ignite if an ignition source is present

52
Q

flash point of gasoline vs diesel

A

gasoline: NEGATIVE 45 degrees
diesel: 100-160 degrees

53
Q

liquids with low flash point have ___ vapor pressures

A

high

54
Q

what is ignition temperature

A

when a liquid fuel is heated beyond its ignition temp, it will ignite without external ignition source

55
Q

what is a flammable range and what are the two limits

A

fuel-air mixture necessary for chemical to burn properly must be within lower and upper flammable limit

56
Q

what is specific gravity of a chemical

A

whether it will sink or float in water

57
Q

threshold limit value

A

aka: permissible exposure limit
concentration of toxin a person can be exposed to for a 40 hour work week

58
Q

short-term exposure limit

A

concentration of a toxin to which a person can be briefly exposed for a max of 15mins four times a day

59
Q

lethal dose

A

single dose of toxin likely to be fatal

60
Q

lethal concentration

A

concentration of a toxin likely to be fatal

61
Q

immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH)

A

atmospheric concentration of toxin posing immediate danger

62
Q

4 types of decontamination methods in the field

A

dilution, absorption, neutralization, disposal

63
Q

type of decon method using fluid to flush skin and eyes

A

dilution

64
Q

type of decon method using large pads to soak up liquid

A

absorption

65
Q

type of decon method using chemical to neutralize other chemical

A

neutralization

66
Q

which decon methods is almost always contraindicated and why

A

neutralization because the by-profduct reaction of acid-base produces heat

67
Q

type of decon method where you remove as much of patient’s clothing as possible

A

disposal

68
Q

what is considered the universal decontamination solution

A

water from whatever source is available

69
Q

where does the triage process take place in mass decontamination

A

after the decontamination corridor

70
Q

corrosives and their symptoms

A

acidic and basic chemicals
severe burns/irritation to skin, eyes, mucous membranes
skin reddening and blistering

71
Q

solvents and their symptoms

A

substance that can dissolve another substance
symptoms: pulmonary edema, cardiac dysrhythmias, seizures, vomiting if ingested

72
Q

what do pesticides interfere with in body

A

enzyme acetylcholinesterase

73
Q

asphyxiants and their symptoms

A

any gas that displaces oxygen from atmosphere
symptoms: interferes with use of oxygen at cellular level

74
Q

what is toxic products of combustion

A

hazardous chemical compounds released when a material decomposes under heat

75
Q

what determines length of warm zone

A

length of decontamination corridor

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL (74 decks)

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