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PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > A&P CHAPTER 9: MUSCLE TISSUE > Flashcards

A&P CHAPTER 9: MUSCLE TISSUE Flashcards

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1
Q

3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE

A

SKELETAL, CARDIAC, SMOOTH

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2
Q

WHAT TYPE OF MUSCLE IS SKELETAL

A

VOLUNTARY

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3
Q

CARDIAC MUSCLE IS CONTROLLED BY WHAT

A

HEART’S PACEMAKER

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4
Q

WHAT TYPE OF MUSCLE IS SMOOTH

A

INVOLUNTARY

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5
Q

4 CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLE

A

EXCITABILITY, CONTRACTILITY, EXTENSIBILITY, ELASTICITY

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6
Q

EXCITABILITY

A

CELLS’ ABILITY TO RECEIVE AND RESPOND TO STIMULI

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7
Q

CONTRACTILITY

A

ABILITY OF MUSCLE TISSUES TO FOCIBLY BECOME SHORTER

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8
Q

EXTENSIBILITY

A

ABILITY OF MUSCLE TISSUE TO STRETCH OR EXTEND

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9
Q

ELASTICITY

A

ABILITY OF MUSCLE TO RECOIL AFTER STRETCHING

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10
Q

SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER

A

SINGLE CELL THAT CAN RAPIDLY CONTRACT IN RESPONSE TO STIMULATION AND RELAXES WHEN STIMULATION STOPS

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11
Q

WHAT MAKES UP A MUSCLE FIBER

A

MYOFIBRILS

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12
Q

WHAT TWO THINGS MAKE UP MYOFILAMENTS

A

MYOSIN AND ACTIN, ORGANIZED IN STRIATIONS

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13
Q

THE SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY

A

SARCOMERES SHORTEN AND THICK/THIN FILAMENTS SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER TOWARD THE CENTER OF THE SARCOMERE

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14
Q

WHAT NEUROTRANSMITTER STIMULATES SKELETAL MUSCLE TO CONTRACT

A

ACETYLCHOLINE

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15
Q

WHAT CAUSES MUSCLE RELAXATION

A

ACETYLCHOLINE BEING DECOMPOSED BY ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE

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16
Q

THREE STAGES OF ACTION POTENTIAL

A

END PLATE POTENTIAL GENERATION
DEPOLARIZATION
REPOLARIZATION

17
Q

WHAT HAPPENS DURING END PLATE POTENTIAL GENERATION

A

ACETYLCHOLINE BINDS TO RECEPTORS WHICH OPENS GATES FOR SODIUM IONS
MAKES SARCOLEMMA LESS NEGATIVE
MORE SODIUM IS GAINED THAN POTASSIUM LOST

18
Q

WHAT HAPPENS DURING DEPOLARIZATION

A

SODIUM ENTERING REACHING THRESHOLD AND ACTION POTENTIAL IS INITIATED

19
Q

WHAT HAPPENS DURING REPOLARIZATION

A

SODIUM CHANNELS CLOSE AND POTASSIUM CHANNELS OPEN
SARCOLEMMA RESTORED TO ITS POLARIZED STATE

20
Q

NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION

A

CONNECTION BETWEEN MOTOR NEURON AND MUSCLE FIBER

21
Q

TWO TYPES OF MUSCLE TWITCHES

A

FATIGUE-RESISTANT SLOW TWITCH
FATIGUEABLE FAST TWITCH

22
Q

TETANIC CONTRACTIONS

A

SUSTAINED CONTRACTIONS WITH NO RELAXATION AT ALL

23
Q

ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS

A

THE LENGTH OF THE MUSCLE CHANGES AND A LOAD IS MOVED

24
Q

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS

A

MUSCLE DOES NOT SHORTEN OR LENGTHEN, BUILDS TENSIO (MOVING A LOAD THAT IS GREATER THAN MUSCLE CAN HANDLE)

25
Q

CONCENTRIC CONTRACTION

A

TYPE OF ISOTONIC CONTRACTION
MUSCLE SHORTENS TO PERFORM WORK

26
Q

ECCENTRIC CONTRACTION

A

TYPE OF ISOTONIC CONTRACTION
MUSCLE CREATES FORCE AS IT LENGTHENS

27
Q

CREATINE PHOSPHATE

A

EXCESS ENERGY STORED IN THE MUSCLES TO BE USED TO MAKE MORE ATP
MORE OF THIS IS STORED IN MUSCLES THAN ATP

28
Q

LOW TO MODERATE INTENSITY WORKOUT:
PATHWAY NEEDED
PRODUCTION OF ATP
RESULT

A

GLYCOLYSIS WHICH LEADS TO FORMATION OF PYRUVIC ACID AND AEROBIC RESPIRATION
36 ATP PER GLUCOSE
EXHALATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE

29
Q

HIGH INTENSITY WORKOUT:
PATHWAY NEEDED
PRODUCTION OF ATP
RESULT

A

GLYCOLYSIS WHICH LEADS TO FORMATION OF LACTIC ACID
2 ATP PER GLUCOSE
ACCUMULATION OF LACTIC ACID

30
Q

WHAT IS USUALLY THE CAUSE OF MUSCLE FATIGUE

A

LACTIC ACID ACCUMULATION

31
Q

MOST COMMON TYPE OF SMOOTH MUSCLE

A

VISCERAL SMOOTH MUSCLE

32
Q

VISCERAL SMOOTH MUSCLE

A

WALLS OF ALL HOLLOW ORGANS EXCEPT HEART
RHYTHMIC PATTERNS OF SPONTANEOUS ACTION POTENTIALS
DOES NOT USE RECRUITMENT

33
Q

MULTIUNIT SMOOTH MUSCLE

A

LARGE LUNG AIRWAYS, LARGE ARTERIES
FIBERS ARE INDEPENDENT OF EACH OTHER
USES RECRUITMENT

34
Q

WHAT DOES EPIMYSIUM DO

A

SURROUND SKELETAL MUSCLES

35
Q

WHICH CONTRACTION IS 50% STRONGER THAN THE OTHER WHEN SAME LOAD IS MOVED

A

ECCENTRIC IS 50% STRONGER THAN CONCENTRIC

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL (74 decks)

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