Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > CHP 20: EENT EMERGENCIES > Flashcards

CHP 20: EENT EMERGENCIES Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® Paramedic flashcards NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

which cranial nerve provides sense of vision

A

2 - optic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is diabetic retinopathy

A

common complication of diabetes - small blood vessels in retina bleed into vitreous producing dark, floating spots or cobwebs in vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what can ocular pressure do

A

stimulate vagus nerve leading to vagal response in pt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does vision loss that does not improve with blinking indicate

A

damage to globe or optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does double vision indicate

A

trauma to extraocular muscles, fractured orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what three tests should be performed when accessing ocular function

A

visual acuity (large and small letters), peripheral vision, ocular motility (have pt follow finger)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is dysconjugate gaze

A

discoordination between movements of two eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

damage to what nerve would render eyes unable to produce tears

A

7 - facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what two medications do medics have for eyes

A

proparacaine and tetracaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is anisocoria and what is it indicative of

A

pupils are not equal in size - ocular injuries or closed head trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what surgery can cause anisocoria

A

unilateral cataract surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

only indication for removing contact lenses and why

A

chemical burn of the eye - contact may trap offending chemical, making irrigation difficult and worsening injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

common name of conjunctivitis and what it is

A

“pink eye” - conjunctiva becomes inflamed and red from viral/bacterial infection, allergies, chemicals, or foreign bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a chalazion and what causes it

A

small, painless lump or pustule on external eyelid that appears red and swollen - forms from blockage and swelling of an oil gland in the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a hordeolum and what causes it

A

red, swollen, painful lump in eyelid or lid margin - infection of oil gland in eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is an external hordeolum commonly called

A

stye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

treatment for inflammation of eyelid

A

warm compress to soften hardened oil block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the aqueous humor and what does it do

A

clear, watery fluid that fills eye’s anterior chamber - maintains intraocular pressure, provides nutrients to eye, helps bend light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where does the aqueous humor drain

A

canal of Schlemm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

most common form of glaucoma and what causes it

A

open-angle - aqueous humor drains too slowly and intraocular pressure builds up, damaging optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

normal-tension glaucoma and how it occurs

A

optic nerve is damaged and vision changes occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

narrow-angle glaucoma and how it occurs

A

access to drainage channel is narrowed preventing proper drainage of aqueous humor, pressure builds in posterior eye chamber, pushing lens forward, pushes iris into drainage channel, blocking it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

S/S of narrow-angle glaucoma attack

A

severe eye pain, headache, photophobia, nausea, vomiting, cloudy cornea, blurred vision, halos around lights, irregular pupillary margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ophthalmoscope vs otoscope

A

ophthalmoscope: eye
otoscope: ear canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

cause and S/S of central retinal artery occlusion

A

blood supply to retina becomes blocked from clot or embolus - sudden painless loss of vision in one eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is central retinal artery occlusion associated with

A

apnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

cause and S/S of iritis

A

inflammation of the iris from autoimmune disease, IBS, Crohn disease - red area surrounding the iris, cloudy vision, unusually shaped pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

cause of papilledema and S/S

A

swelling or inflammation of optic nerve at rear part of eye from ICP - “graying” in field of vision, headaches, nausea, vomiting, temporary vision loss, narrowing vision fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is periorbital cellulitis and its causes

A

infection of eyelid
insect bites, upper resp disorders, trauma

30
Q

orbital cellulitis causes and S/S

A

infection within eye socket
sinusitis, tooth infections, facial/ear infections, trauma

31
Q

what causes corneal ulcers and S/S

A

untreated corneal abrasion - pain with extraocular movement, redness, excessive tearing, sensation of foreign object in eye, blurred/loss of vision, photophobia, headache

32
Q

a tumor on which nerve could affect inner ear and balance

A

8 - vestibucochlear

33
Q

what is cerumen

A

earwax

34
Q

what is pulsatile tinnitus and what causes it

A

patient hears constant whooshing, thumping, or throbbing sound - atherosclerosis, blood vessel disorders, HTN, head/neck tumors

35
Q

what is a Battle sign

A

discoloration/tenderness of mastoid process

36
Q

S/S of impacted cerumen

A

pressure or fullness feeling in ear, dizziness, ringing in ears, loss of hearing, pain/itching in ear

37
Q

what is labyrinthitis and its S/S

A

feeling of vertigo or loss of balance after ear infection or upper respiratory infection

tinnitus, dizziness, temporary loss of hearing, nausea/vomiting

38
Q

4 symptoms of Meniere Disease

A

dizziness like spinning vertigo, low-frequency hearing loss, tinnitus, feeling of fullness in affected ear

39
Q

what causes Meniere Disease

A

overproduction of endolymphatic fluid which increases pressure in labyrinth until fluids mix, damaging hair cells

40
Q

what is otitis and its S/S

A

infection from bacterial growth in ear canal

pain, itching, edema and erythema in canal, diminished hearing, inflamed/bulging eardrum

41
Q

damage to what cranial nerve causes loss of smell

A

1 - olfactory

42
Q

what is anosmia

A

total loss of sense of smell

43
Q

what is dysosmia

A

distorted sense of smell when person smells unpleasant odors that do not exist

44
Q

what is hyperosmia

A

increased sensitivity to smell

45
Q

what is hyposmia

A

decreased sense of smell

46
Q

what is presbyosmia

A

loss of smell from normal aging

47
Q

what is epistaxis

A

nosebleed

48
Q

anterior vs posterior epistaxis

A

anterior: bleed slowly, self-limiting, resolve slowly
posterior: more severe and cause blood to drain into pt’s throat

49
Q

blood or CSF from nose suggests what

A

skull fracture

50
Q

what is cerebrospinal rhinorrhea

A

CSF drainage from the nose

51
Q

persistent, foul-smelling purulent discharge from nares indicate what

A

foreign body in nose

52
Q

what is rhinitis and S/S

A

inflammation of nasal cavities
nasal congestion, sneezing, itchy runny nose, itchy eyes, post nasal drip, possible cough

53
Q

what is sinusitis and its S/S

A

sinus inflammation when drainage from one or more sinuses (paranasal) become disrupted

facial pressure/pain, sore throat, nasal congestion, toothache, headache, fever, chills, muscle aches and pains

54
Q

what is dysphagia

A

swallowing problems

55
Q

damage to what nerve can cause facial paralysis

A

7 - facial

56
Q

people with difficulty swallowing are at increased risk of what

A

aspiration pneumonia

57
Q

esophageal reflux and its symptoms

A

lower esophageal sphincter only partially closes, letting acidic stomach acids to come back up

burning sensation in chest and indigestion

58
Q

what is dentalgia

A

tooth ache

59
Q

how to determine if dental abscess infection has become systemic

A

fever, chills, nausea, vomiting

60
Q

what are cold sores

A

painful sores on the mouth caused by herpesvirus

61
Q

what are canker sores

A

painful ulcers in mouth from stress or trauma (braces)

62
Q

what is leukoplakia

A

excess cell growth in mouth that represent as white patches usually from smoking

63
Q

what is gingivitis

A

red swollen gums that bleed easily during brushing

64
Q

what is breath odor that smells of urine or fishy is indicative of what

A

chronic renal failure

65
Q

feces smelling breath is indicative of what

A

bowel obstruction

66
Q

what is oral candidiasis and S/S

A

“thrush” fungus grows in mouth in immunocompromised patients or use inhaled corticosteroids

white lesions, slight bleeding, pain, cracking, redness at corners of mouth, loss of taste, “cottony” feeling in mouth

67
Q

what is Ludwig angina and S/S

A

caused by bacteria from infected tooth root on floor of mouth under the tongue

difficulty breathing and swallowing, neck pain and swelling, drooling, altered speech sounds

68
Q

what is epiglottitis and S/S

A

inflammation of epiglottis usually in peds

fever, sore throat, painful swallowing, stridor, respiratory distress, “tripod”, drooling due to inability to swallow

69
Q

what is laryngitis and S/S

A

swelling and inflammation of the larynx

hoarseness/loss of voice, fever, swollen lymph nodes

70
Q

what is tracheitis and S/S

A

infection of trachea

croup-like barking cough, difficulty breathing, high fever, high-pitched stridor, intercostal retractions

71
Q
A

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL (74 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions