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PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > BLOCK 3: TERRORISM RESPONSE > Flashcards

BLOCK 3: TERRORISM RESPONSE Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

what are the CBRNE agents

A

chemical, biological, radioactive, nuclear, explosive

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2
Q

international vs. domestic terrorism

A

international: aka cross-border terrorism, foreign agents
domestic: operation originating within borders of target country

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3
Q

what is the motivation behind state terrorists

A

established government using terror to control all or part of its populace

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4
Q

motivation behind religious extremists

A

see other religions or “nonbelievers” as worthy targets for death

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5
Q

right-wing extremists motivation

A

formed as militias or gangs and motivated by conspiracy theories

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6
Q

left-wing extremists motivation

A

want to overturn traditional establishment and corporations

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7
Q

issue-oriented groups motivation

A

seek to effect change through legal/socially acceptable means
smaller group may break off and look toward violence

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8
Q

separatists motivation

A

seek political, economic, social freedom
seek to kill or evict foreigners

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9
Q

nacroterrorists motivation

A

use of terror to take control of region, politics, government for drug trafficking

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10
Q

pathologic terrorists motivation

A

none besides desire to terrorize others
small groups or lone wolves

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11
Q

National Terrorism Advisory System

A

Dept of Homeland Security issues alerts through this in response to threats to US

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12
Q

elevated vs imminent terrorist threats

A

elevated: no specific info about time or location
imminent: believed to be impending or occurring soon

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13
Q

the most senior paramedic act as _____ on terrorism scene until relieved by ______

A

medical branch director
supervisor or EMS physician

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14
Q

what is the patient generator

A

source that is causing people to become sick or injured

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15
Q

what toxin laces mailed letters

A

ricin (chemical agent)

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16
Q

biotoxins and examples

A

poisons derived from plants or animals
examples: ricin

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17
Q

blister agents and examples

A

aka vesicants, cause blisters
example: gas or lewisite

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18
Q

blood agents and examples

A

poisons absorbed by and affecting function of blood
examples: CO, cyanide

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19
Q

caustic agents and examples

A

chemicals that burn or corrode human tissue
examples: hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen chloride

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20
Q

chocking/pulmonary agents and examples

A

chemicals that cause severe irritation and swelling of respiratory tissues
examples: ammonia, chlorine, bromine, phosgene

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21
Q

incapacitating agents and examples

A

cause sedation and altered consciousness
examples: fentanyl, opioids

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22
Q

long-acting anticoagulants and examples

A

poisons that prevent blood clotting
example: superwarfarin

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23
Q

poisonous metals and examples

A

metals inherently poisonous to living creatures
examples: arsenic, mercury

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24
Q

nerve agents and examples

A

chemicals that disrupt nervous system and function of acetylcholine
examples: sarin, soman, VX, novichok

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25
organic solvents and examples
chemicals that damage living tissues by dissolving fats and oils example: benzene
26
riot control agents and examples
highly irritating by nonlethal examples: mace or tear gas
27
toxic alcohols and examples
alcohols inherently poisoning by targeting heart, kidneys, nervous system example: ethylene glycol
28
vomiting agents and example
chemicals that induce uncontrollable nausea and vomiting example: adamsite
29
chemical persistence and volatility
how long the agent will stay on surface before evaporating
30
what two agents kill within seconds to minutes
nerve and metabolic agents
31
antidote for blood agents
cyanokit
32
antidote for incapacitating agents
naloxone
33
G agents
developed by German scientists in WW2 include sarin, soman, tabun, and VX nerge agent
34
symptoms of nerve agent exposure
DUMBELS - diarrhea, urination, miosis, muscle weakness, bradycardia, bronchospasm, bronchorrhea, emesis, lacrimation, seizures, salivation, sweating
35
dissemination
means by which terrorist spreads the agent
36
disease vector
animal that spreads disease
37
communicability
how easily disease is able to spread
38
contagious
how communicability is high, the person is considered this
39
incubation
period between the person's exposure to the agent and the onset of symptoms
40
virus
germ that requires living host to multiply and survive can be fought with antivirals
41
smallpox symptoms
temp of 101-104 all lesions are identical in their development start on face/extremities and move toward chest and abdomen
42
smallpox incubation period and duration of illness
incubation period: 10-12 days duration: 4 weeks
43
viral hemorrhagic fever examples and symptoms
symptoms: blood in body seeps out of tissues and blood vessels examples: ebola, rift valley, yellow fever
44
bacteria
self-sufficient (don't need a host) more complex and larger than viruses treated with antibiotics
45
anthrax
deadly bacterium that lies dormant in a spore until exposed to optimal temp and moisture
46
bubonic plague
natural vectors of rodents and fleas infects lymphatic system and enlarges lymph nodes NOT contagious
47
pneumonic plague
lung infection from inhaling plague bacteria contagious
48
botulinum
most powerful known toxin paralyzes body and patient goes into respiratory arrest
49
ricin
mash left over from castor bean after making castor oil causes pulmonary edema, resp and circulatory failure
50
worried well
healthy people seeking medical treatment because they are exhibiting symptoms associated with particular illness or incident they learned about
51
syndromic surveillance
monitoring by health departments of patients to detect unusual influx of patients with symptoms to discover outbreaks early
52
"push packs"
medications delivered in large containers to points of distribution
53
ionizing radiation
energy emitted in form of rays or particles from radioactive material that is unstable and attempting to stabilize itself in process of decay
54
alpha rays
least harmful can be stopped by skin or piece of paper
55
beta radiation
requires layer of clothing to stop
56
gamma rays
x-rays require several inches of lead or concrete to stop
57
neutron energy radiation
most powerful radiation form penetrates lead, requires several feet of concrete to be stopped
58
how is nuclear energy artificially released
splitting radioactive atoms which results in immense amount of energy in form of heat
59
what is a special atomic demolition munition
"suitcase nuke"
60
3 levels of radiation exposure
radioactive exposure: exposure occurred, body is not contaminated external contamination: skin was contaminated by not inside of body internal contamination: inside of body is contaminated
61
what is the inverse square law
describes how radiation travels from its source if you double distance from radiation source, you decrease your amount of exposure by factor of 4
62
3 protective measures for radiation
time, distance, shielding
63
what are IEDs
homemade bombs
64
3 types of IEDs
package, vehicle-borne, suicide bombs
65
what are package IEDs usually packed with
"enhancements" like nuts, bolts, other projectiles
66
what is commonly used for vehicle-borne IEDs
ANFO (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil)
67
two most common blast injuries
tympanic membrane rupture and barotrauma
68
most common fatal blast injury
"blast lung" barotrauma characterized by triad of apnea, bradycardia, hypotension
69
military abbreviation for sarin
GB
70
military abbreviation for soman
GD
71
military abbreviation for tabun
GA

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL (74 decks)

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