9.4 Obstructive Diseases Flashcards
What will happen to the FEV1/FVC ratio in obstructive diseases?
Decreases
What will happen to the TLC in obstructive diseases?
Increases due to air trapping
What is the clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?
Chronic productive cough lasting 3 months over 2 consecutive years
What is the main symptom of chronic bronchitis?
Coughing up of massive amounts of mucus
What is the Reid index?
The ratio of the thickness of the mucus gland layer to the overall thickness of the wall
What happens to the Reid index in chronic bronchitis?
It will increase past 50% - bronchial mucus gland hypertrophy
Will chronic bronchitis patients be cyanotic or not?
They will be cyanotic
What does chronic bronchitis increase risk of?
Infection and for pulmonale
How does obstruction occur in emphysema?
Elastic recoil on the air sacs is lost which will not be able to pull open the the air tubules - they will instead collapse, leading to air trapping
Emphysema
Destruction of the alveolar air sacs
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin
Anti-elastase enzyme
What type of emphysema occurs with smoking?
Centriacinar Emphysema
Centriacinar Emphysema
More severe in the upper lobes with centriacinar emphysema
Panacinar Emphysema
More common in the lower lobes and is due to alpha-1 antitrypsin
What may occur with panacinar emphysema?
Liver Cirrhosis