8.4 Valvular Disorders

Question 1

Cause of Rheumatic Fever

Answer 1

M protein of Strep A causes molecular mimicry in antibodies that will cause an autoimmune reaction

Question 2

What is the main valve affected by rheumatic fever?

Answer 2

Mitral Valve (Aortic is the second)

Question 3

What is the main microscopic indication of endocarditis from rheumatic fever?

Answer 3

Aschoff Bodies

Question 4

What are major cell findings in Aschoff bodies?

Answer 4

Caterpillar (Anitschkow Cells) Cells

Question 5

What is the appearance of the aortic valve that is affected by chronic rheumatic fever?

Answer 5

“Fish mouth” valve

Question 6

What murmur is heard with aortic stenosis?

Answer 6

Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)

Question 7

What murmur is heard with aortic regurgitation?

Answer 7

Early blowing diastolic murmur

Question 8

What is a major indication of aortic regurgitation?

Answer 8

Widening of the pulse pressure

Question 9

What is the murmur heard with mitral valve prolapse?

Answer 9

Mid-systolic click followed by regurgitation murmur

Question 10

What is the murmur heard with mitral valve regurgitation

Answer 10

Holosystolic blowing murmur

Question 11

What is the murmur heard with mitral stenosis?

Answer 11

Opening snap followed by diastolic rumble