12.4 Nephritic Syndrome

Question 1

What are the hallmarks of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 1

Glomerular inflammation and bleeding (hematuria)

Question 2

What are other signs of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 2

• Periorbital edema
• HTN
• RBC casts

Question 3

What are the lab findings of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 3

Immune complex deposition and neutrophils

Question 4

What is the pathogenesis of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Answer 4

After infection with Group A Strep that has M protein it will occur 2-3 weeks after

Question 5

What is the common patient population for PSGN?

Answer 5

Children

Question 6

What is seen in microscopy for PSGN?

Answer 6

Subepithelial hump

Question 7

What is the treatment for PSGN?

Answer 7

Supportive treatment

Question 8

What is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis?

Answer 8

Nephritic syndrome that rapidly develops into renal failure

Question 9

What is characteristic of biopsy from RPGN?

Answer 9

Crescents - made of fibrin and macrophages

Question 10

What is characteristic in the IF of RPGN?

Answer 10

It indicates RPGN I - Goodpasture Syndrome

Question 11

What is the classical patient of Goodpasture syndrome?

Answer 11

Young male

Question 12

What are the most common nephritic syndromes with a granular IF?

Answer 12

PSGN

Diffuse Proliferative GN

Question 13

What is found in diffuse proliferative GN?

Answer 13

Sub endothelial antibody-Ag deposition

Question 14

What is the most common type of renal disease in SLE?

Answer 14

Diffuse Proliferative GN

Question 15

What is the nephrotic syndrome that is associated with SLE?

Answer 15

Membranous Nephropathy

Question 16

pANCA - where do they bind?

Answer 16

Perinuclear binding

Question 17

cANCA - where do they bind?

Answer 17

Cytoplasmic binding

Question 18

What disease is cANCA involved with?

Answer 18

Wegener Granulomatosis

Question 19

What disease is pANCA involved with?

Answer 19

Charg-Strauss Syndrome

Microscopic Polyangiitis

Question 20

If a patient presents with hematuria, hemoptysis and sinusitis, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 20

Wegener’s Granulomatosis

Question 21

What are the differences in Charg-Strauss and microscopic polyangiitis?

Answer 21

Charg-Stauss - granuloma, asthma and eosinophilia

Question 22

What is the cause if IgA nephropathy?

Answer 22

IgA immune complex deposits in the mesangium

Question 23

What is IgA nephropathy typically associated with?

Answer 23

Mucosal infections

Question 24

What is Alport Syndrome?

Answer 24

Inherited defect in type IV collagen that is X–linked and results in the thinning and splitting of the glomerular basement membrane.

Question 25

What are the main presentations of Alport Syndrome?

Answer 25

• Hematuria
• Sensory hearing loss
• Ocular disturbances