15.2 Posterior Pituitary Gland

Question 1

Central Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 1

Increased urination due to an ADH deficiency as a result of hypothalamic or posterior pituitary pathology

Question 2

What are the clinical features of central diabetes insipidus?

Answer 2

• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Hypernatremia

Question 3

How is central diabetes insidious diagnosed?

Answer 3

Water deprivation test - it will be positive if the urine fails to be concentrated

Question 4

What is the treatment for central diabetes insipidus?

Answer 4

Desmopressin - ADH analog

Question 5

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 5

Impaired renal response to ADH due to inherited mutations or drugs

Question 6

Will nephrogenic diabetes insipidus respond to desmopressin?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

What drugs can cause NDI?

Answer 7

• Lithium

- Demeclocycline

Question 8

SIADH Secretion

Answer 8

Excessive ADH secretion

Question 9

What are the clinical features of SIADH secretion?

Answer 9

• Hyponatremia
• Mental status changes
• Seizures

Question 10

What are some of the causes of SIADH secretion?

Answer 10

• Small Cell Carcinoma - lung
• CNS Trauma
• Pulmonary Infection
• Drugs

Question 11

What is the treatment for SIADH secretion?

Answer 11

• Restriction of water intake

- Demeclocycline