6.3 Chronic Leukemia Flashcards
What is the hallmark of chronic leukemia?
Increased proliferation of mature circulating lymphocytes that will cause a high WBC count
What are the markers of CLL?
CD5/20
What is the proliferation of CLL?
Naive B-cells proliferate
What is seen on the blood smear of CLL?
Increased lymphocytes with the appearance of smudge cells
What is SLL and how is it different that CLL?
CLL with involvement of the lymph nodes causing lymphadenopathy
What are some of the complications of CLL?
- Hypo-Ig
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Transformation to diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Hairy Cell Leukemia
Proliferation of mature B cells with hairy cytoplasmic processes
What are the markers for hairy cell leukemia?
Positive for TRAP
What are the clinical features of hairy cell leukemia?
- Splenomegaly from red pulp expansion
- Lack of lymphadenopathy
- Dry tap of bone marrow
How is the prognosis and treatment of hairy cell leukemia?
2-CDA which is an adenosine deaminase inhibitor that will cause adenosine to accumulate to toxic levels in neoplastic B cells. Prognosis is excellent.
ATLL (Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma)
Proliferation of mature CD4+ T cells and is associated with HTLV-1
What populations are most affected by ATLL?
Japan and the Carribbean
What are the clinical features of ATLL?
- Rash
- Lymphadenopathy with splenomegaly
- Lytic bone lesions with hypercalcemia
Mycosis Fungoides
Proliferation of mature CD4+ T cells - causing rashes and nodules
What are aggregates of neoplastic T-cells in the epidermis called?
Pautrier Microabscesses
