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Pathoma > 16.3 Breast Cancer > Flashcards

16.3 Breast Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cancer in women outside of skin?

A

Breast Cancer

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2
Q

What are some risk factors for breast cancer?

A
  • Female
  • Older age
  • Early menarche
  • Late menopause
  • Obesity
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3
Q

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

A

Malignant cells in the duct bound by the basement membrane but that do not invade it

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4
Q

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

A

Malignant cells in the duct invade through the basement membrane and form duct like structures

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5
Q

Comedo Type of DCIS

A

High grade cells with necrosis and dystrophic calcification in the center of ducts

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6
Q

Paget Disease

A

DCIS that extends up the ducts to the skin of the nipple causing ulceration and erythema

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7
Q

What is the most common type of invasive breast carcinoma?

A

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

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8
Q

Tubular Carcinoma

A

Tubules are produced with desmoplastic stroma with good prognosis

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9
Q

Mucinous Carcinoma

A

Malignant cells in mucus that has excellent prognosis found in elderly women

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10
Q

Inflammatory Carcinoma

A

Erythematous and swollen breast that shows cancer in the lymphatics of the breast - poor prognosis

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11
Q

Medullary Carcinoma

A

High grade malignant carcinoma with inflammatory cells like lymphocytes and plasma cells

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12
Q

What mutation is medullary carcinoma associated with?

A

BRCA-1 Mutation

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13
Q

Lobular Carcinoma In Situ

A

Malignant proliferation of cells in lobules with no invasion of BM

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14
Q

What is key that is lacking in LCIS?

A

E-cadherin

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15
Q

Does LCIS produce masses or calcification?

A

No

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16
Q

What is the treatment for LCIS?

A

Tamoxifen

17
Q

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

A

Invade and grow in a single file pattern due to lack of E-cadherin

18
Q

What is the most important factor for prognosis of breast cancer?

A

Spread to lymph nodes

19
Q

What are ER and PR associated with?

A

Response to tamoxifen

20
Q

What is HER2/neu associated with?

A

Response to transtuzumab

21
Q

What is the prognosis of the triple negative ER/PR/HER2?

A

Poor

22
Q

What race has an increased risk of triple negative breast carcinoma?

A

African American women

23
Q

What can suggest hereditary breast cancer?

A
  • Multiple tumors
  • Family Hx
  • Premenopausal presentation
24
Q

What does BRCA1 mutation increase risk for?

A

Breast and ovarian carcinoma

25
Q

What does BRCA2 mutation increase risk for?

A

Breast carcinoma in males

26
Q

Male Breast Cancer

A

Rare and presents as a subareolar mass and can cause nipple discharge

27
Q

What is the most common type of male breast cancer?

A

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

28
Q

What other disease is male breast cancer associated with?

A

Klinefelter Syndrome

Pathoma (119 decks)

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