16.3 Breast Cancer Flashcards
What is the most common cancer in women outside of skin?
Breast Cancer
What are some risk factors for breast cancer?
- Female
- Older age
- Early menarche
- Late menopause
- Obesity
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Malignant cells in the duct bound by the basement membrane but that do not invade it
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
Malignant cells in the duct invade through the basement membrane and form duct like structures
Comedo Type of DCIS
High grade cells with necrosis and dystrophic calcification in the center of ducts
Paget Disease
DCIS that extends up the ducts to the skin of the nipple causing ulceration and erythema
What is the most common type of invasive breast carcinoma?
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
Tubular Carcinoma
Tubules are produced with desmoplastic stroma with good prognosis
Mucinous Carcinoma
Malignant cells in mucus that has excellent prognosis found in elderly women
Inflammatory Carcinoma
Erythematous and swollen breast that shows cancer in the lymphatics of the breast - poor prognosis
Medullary Carcinoma
High grade malignant carcinoma with inflammatory cells like lymphocytes and plasma cells
What mutation is medullary carcinoma associated with?
BRCA-1 Mutation
Lobular Carcinoma In Situ
Malignant proliferation of cells in lobules with no invasion of BM
What is key that is lacking in LCIS?
E-cadherin
Does LCIS produce masses or calcification?
No
What is the treatment for LCIS?
Tamoxifen
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
Invade and grow in a single file pattern due to lack of E-cadherin
What is the most important factor for prognosis of breast cancer?
Spread to lymph nodes
What are ER and PR associated with?
Response to tamoxifen
What is HER2/neu associated with?
Response to transtuzumab
What is the prognosis of the triple negative ER/PR/HER2?
Poor
What race has an increased risk of triple negative breast carcinoma?
African American women
What can suggest hereditary breast cancer?
- Multiple tumors
- Family Hx
- Premenopausal presentation
What does BRCA1 mutation increase risk for?
Breast and ovarian carcinoma
What does BRCA2 mutation increase risk for?
Breast carcinoma in males
Male Breast Cancer
Rare and presents as a subareolar mass and can cause nipple discharge
What is the most common type of male breast cancer?
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
What other disease is male breast cancer associated with?
Klinefelter Syndrome
