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Kevin N
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Decks in this class (119)
1.1 Growth Adaptations
What is the trigger for hypertrop...,
What are tissues that only underg...,
What is the trigger for atrophy
8
cards
1.2 Cellular Injury
When does injury occur,
What is hypoxemia,
What are the causes of hypoxemia
11
cards
1.3 Cell Death
What is the hallmark of cell death,
How does the destruction of nucle...,
What occurs with necrosis
14
cards
1.4 Free Radical Injury
What are free radicals,
How are free radicals pathologica...,
What is the most damaging free ra...
15
cards
1.5 Amyloidosis
Amyloid,
What is the protein configuration...,
What are the lab characteristics ...
22
cards
2.1 Acute Inflammation
What is the hallmark of acute inf...,
What stimulates acute inflammation,
What is the function of tlrs
17
cards
2.2 Chronic Inflammation
What is the hallmark of chronic i...,
What do cd4 cells recognize,
What do cd8 cells recognize
7
cards
2.3 Primary Immunodeficiency
Digeorge syndrome,
What will be the findings with di...,
Severe combined immunodeficiency
21
cards
2.4 Autoimmune Disorders
Was is the underlying cause of au...,
Positive selection,
Negative selection
43
cards
2.5 Wound Healing
Regeneration,
Labile tissues,
Where are the stem cells in the s...
28
cards
3.1 Neoplasia
What is neoplasia,
What designates a neoplasia as be...,
Where is cancer ranked as a cause...
4
cards
3.2 Carcinogenesis
What does arsenic cause,
What does asbestos cause,
What is human papilloma virus ass...
3
cards
3.3 Tumor Progression
What is the hallmark of a maligna...,
Why do tumor cells down regulate ...,
What kind of spread is characteri...
6
cards
3.4 Clinical Characteristics
What are some features of benign ...,
What are some features of maligna...,
What is the absolute distinguishi...
14
cards
4.1 Primary Hemostasis and Related Bleeding Disorders
What is the function of primary h...,
What is the function of secondary...,
What are the 2 sources of von wil...
20
cards
4.2 Secondary Hemostasis and Related Disorders
What is the goal of secondary hem...,
What is the cross linking molecul...,
What is the end product of the co...
22
cards
4.3 Other Disorders of Hemostasis
What is the cause of heparin indu...,
What is a feared complication of hit,
What are the cause and effects of...
14
cards
4.4 Thrombosis
What is thrombosis,
What are the indications of a pre...,
What are the major risk factors f...
12
cards
4.5 Embolism
What is embolism,
What are the most common types of...,
How can you identify atherosclero...
6
cards
5.1 Anemia
What is anemia,
What is the normal hb in males an...,
What is the normal mcv range
3
cards
5.2 Microcytic Anemias
What is the mcv in microcytic ane...,
What is the general problem in mi...,
What some of the causes of microc...
49
cards
5.3 Macrocytic Anemia
What are the common causes of mac...,
Why are rbcs larger in macrocytic...,
What neutrophils are seen with me...
11
cards
5.4 Normocytic Anemia
What are the causes of normocytic...,
Why are reticulocytes blue,
What should the percent of reticu...
7
cards
5.5 Normocytic Anemia with Extravascular Hemolysis
Hereditary spherocytosis,
What are the common protein defec...,
What are the lab findings of here...
18
cards
5.6 Normocytic Anemia with Intravascular Hemolysis
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinur...,
Why does pnh occur at night,
Why do pnh patients get iron defi...
14
cards
5.7 Anemia with Underproduction
What lab value is indicative of u...,
What is a classic infection that ...,
Aplastic anemia
5
cards
6.1 Leukopenia and Leukocytosis
What is the marker of hematopoiet...,
What is the normal wbc count,
Leukopenia
21
cards
6.2 Acute Leukemia
What is the hallmark of leukemia,
What are the signs of acute leukemia,
What will the peripheral blood co...
24
cards
6.3 Chronic Leukemia
What is the hallmark of chronic l...,
What are the markers of cll,
What is the proliferation of cll
16
cards
6.4 Myeloproliferative Disorders
Myeloproliferative disorder,
What is the typical patient age o...,
What are the common complications...
20
cards
6.5 Lympadenopathy
What is lymphadenopathy,
When is lymphadenopathy painful a...,
When is expansion of the follicle...
8
cards
6.6 Lymphoma
Lymphoma,
What are the 2 classes of lymphoma,
What is the dark area that surrou...
29
cards
6.7 Hodgkin Lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma,
What does a reed sternberg cell l...,
What is the action of the reed st...
10
cards
6.8 Plasma Cell Disorders
Multiple myeloma,
What is the most common primary m...,
What immunological marker will of...
11
cards
6.9 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
What are langerhans cells,
Langerhans cell histiocytosis,
What are the characteristic granu...
7
cards
7.1 Vasculitis
What is vasculitis,
What are the symptoms of vasculitis,
What does large vessel vasculitis...
48
cards
7.2 Hypertension
What is the definition of htn,
Primary htn,
What are important risk factors o...
8
cards
7.3 Arteriosclerosis
What are the 3 pattern of arterio...,
Atherosclerosis,
What is the structure of atherosc...
14
cards
7.4 Aortic Dissection and Aneurysm
What is aortic dissection,
What are the requirements for aor...,
Where is the most common place fo...
15
cards
7.5 Vascular Tumors
Hemangioma,
Angiosarcoma,
What is liver angiosarcoma associ...
5
cards
8.1 Ischemic Heart Disease
What is the usual cause of ischem...,
Stable angina,
How long does the pain from stabl...
26
cards
8.2 Congestive Heart Failure
What are the main causes of lhf,
What is a major complication of lhf,
What is one of the main treatment...
5
cards
8.3 Congenital Defects
Cause of rheumatic fever,
What is the most common congenita...,
What is vsd associated with
24
cards
8.4 Valvular Disorders
Cause of rheumatic fever,
What is the main valve affected b...,
What is the main microscopic indi...
11
cards
8.5 Endocarditis
What is the major cause of endoca...,
What is the most common bacterial...,
What is the most common cause of ...
10
cards
8.6-8.7 Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac Tumors
Cardiomyopathy,
Dilated cardiomyopathy,
What kind of dysfunction results ...
19
cards
9.1 Nasopharynx
Rhinitis,
What is the most common cause of ...,
What are the consequences of chro...
10
cards
9.2 Larynx
What is the most common cause of ...,
What are the signs of epiglottitis,
What is the most common cause of ...
9
cards
9.3 Pulmonary Infections
Pneumonia,
What are some signs of pneumonia,
Lobar pneumonia
27
cards
9.4 Obstructive Diseases
What will happen to the fev1 fvc ...,
What will happen to the tlc in ob...,
What is the clinical definition o...
33
cards
9.5 Restrictive Diseases
What happens to the tlc in restri...,
What happens to the fev1 fvc in r...,
What happens to the fvc in restri...
26
cards
9.6 Pulmonary Hypertension
What is the normal pressure in th...,
What are some of the characterist...,
What does pulmonary htn lead to
7
cards
9.7 Respiratory Distress Syndrome
What is ards,
What are the problems in ards,
What are the cxr findings of ards
14
cards
9.8 Lung Cancer
What is the most common cause of ...,
What are the key risk factors of ...,
What does imaging reveal in lung ...
28
cards
9.9 Pleura
What cells line the viscera and p...,
Spontaneous pneumothorax,
What patients are typically affec...
8
cards
10.1 Oral Cavity
Cleft lip and palate,
Aphtous ulcer,
Behcet syndrome
9
cards
10.2 Salivary Gland
Mumps,
What are the other areas of infec...,
What is a risk of orchitis
9
cards
10.3 Esophagus
Tracheoesophageal fistula,
What is found with the proximal e...,
What are the 4 clinical features ...
35
cards
10.4 Stomach
Gastroschisis,
Omphalocele,
What is the difference between ga...
54
cards
10.5 Small Bowel
Duodenal atresia,
What is duodenal atresia associat...,
What are the clinical features of...
26
cards
10.6 Appendix
Acute appendicitis,
What is the cause of acute append...,
What are the clinical features of...
3
cards
10.7 Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease,
Who is the classical patient of ibd,
What are the 2 types of ibd
20
cards
10.8 Colon and Colorectal Carcinoma
Hirschsprung disease,
What is hirschspring disease asso...,
What is the cause of hirschsprung
41
cards
11.1 Exocrine Pancreas
Annular pancreas,
Acute pancreatitis,
Why type of necrosis is seen with...
18
cards
11.2 Gallbladder and Biliary Tract
Biliary atresia,
What are the clinical presentatio...,
Cholelithiasis
20
cards
11.3 Liver
Jaundice,
What is the breakdown of heme,
Jaundice in extravascular hemolysis
52
cards
12.1 Congenital Renal Diseases
What is the most common renal con...,
Horseshoe kidney,
Renal agenesis
13
cards
12.2 Acute Renal Failure
What is the hallmark of renal fai...,
What are the 3 etiologies of acut...,
Prerenal arf
26
cards
12.3 Nephrotic Syndrome
What is the hallmark of nephrotic...,
What is the main protein loss in ...,
Why is there a hypercoaguable sta...
27
cards
12.4 Nephritic Syndrome
What are the hallmarks of nephrit...,
What are other signs of nephritic...,
What are the lab findings of neph...
25
cards
12.5 Urinary Tract Infection
What is the most common method of...,
What is infection of the bladder ...,
What are the risk factors for uti
14
cards
12.6 Nephrolithiasis
What are some of the risk factors...,
What is the classic presentation ...,
What is the most common type of r...
13
cards
12.7 Chronic Renal Failure
What are the common causes of kid...,
What are some of the clinical fea...,
What cells make erythropoietin
4
cards
12.8 Renal Neoplasia
Angiomyolipoma,
What condition are angiomyolipoma...,
What is the cell of origin of ren...
13
cards
12.9 Lower Urinary Tract Carcinoma
Urothelial carcinoma,
What is the most common location ...,
What is the main risk factor for ...
12
cards
13.1 Vulva
Bartholin cyst,
What is the vulva lined with,
Who does bartholin cyst typically...
26
cards
13.2 Vagina
Vaginal adenosis,
What is a risk factor for vaginal...,
What does adenosis increase the r...
12
cards
13.3 Cervix
What cells line the exocervix,
What cells line the endocervix,
What is the demarcation between t...
16
cards
13.4 Endometrium and Myometrium
What hormone controls endometrial...,
Asherman syndrome,
Where are the stem cells of the e...
31
cards
13.5 Ovary
What cells make up the follicle a...,
What is the function of theca cells,
What is the function of granulosa...
9
cards
13.6 Ovarian Tumors
What are the 3 types of ovarian t...,
What is the most common type of o...,
What are the most common types of...
39
cards
13.7 Gestational Pathology
Ectopic pregnancy,
What is the most common site of e...,
What is the key risk factor of ec...
32
cards
14.1 Penis
Hypospadias,
Epispadias,
Condyloma acuminatum
9
cards
14.2 Testicle
Cryptorchidism,
What is the most common male cong...,
What can cryptorchidism increase ...
15
cards
14.3 Testicular Tumors
What are the types of testicular ...,
Why are testicular tumors not bio...,
What is the most common type of t...
26
cards
14.4 Prostate
Acute prostatitis,
What are the common pathogens in ...,
What are the common pathogens in ...
18
cards
15.1 Anterior Pituitary Gland
Pituitary adenoma,
What are some of the presentation...,
What is the most common functiona...
12
cards
15.2 Posterior Pituitary Gland
Central diabetes insipidus,
What are the clinical features of...,
How is central diabetes insidious...
11
cards
15.3 Thyroid Gland
Thyroglossal duct cyst,
Lingual thyroid
2
cards
15.4 Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism,
How does thyroid hormone increase...,
How does thyroid hormone increase...
14
cards
15.5 Hypothyroidism
Cretinism,
What are some of the causes of cr...,
Myxedema
5
cards
15.6 Thyroiditis
Hashimoto thyroiditis,
What gene is hashimoto thyroiditi...,
What are the features of hashimot...
10
cards
15.7 Thyroid Neoplasia
How do thyroid tumors normally pr...,
What is the diagnostic test for t...,
What will the iodine uptake test ...
22
cards
15.8 Parathyroid Gland
What is the main cell of the pt g...,
What are the actions of pth,
How does pth activate osteoclasts
18
cards
15.9 Endocrine Pancreas
What cells produce insulin,
Type i diabetes mellitus,
What is the cause of type i dm
27
cards
15.10 Adrenal Cortex
What is generated in the glomerulosa,
What is generated in the fasciculata,
What is generated in the reticular
28
cards
15.11 Adrenal Medulla
What embryonic cells is the adren...,
What does the adrenal medulla syn...,
Pheochromocytoma
11
cards
16.1 Inflammatory Conditions
Galactorrhea,
Acute mastitis,
What is the most common pathogen ...
7
cards
16.2 Benign Tumors and Fibrocystic Changes
Fibrocystic changes,
Is apocrine metaplasia a risk for...,
Does ductal hyperplasia increase ...
14
cards
16.3 Breast Cancer
What is the most common cancer in...,
What are some risk factors for br...,
Ductal carcinoma in situ
28
cards
17.1 Developmental Anomalies
What is the general cause of neur...,
What do the neural crests go on t...,
What does the wall of the neural ...
9
cards
17.2 Spinal Cord Lesions
Syringomyelia,
Where does syringomeylia most oft...,
What are the symptoms of syringom...
15
cards
17.3 Meningitis
What are the 3 layers between the...,
What are the leptomeninges,
What is meningitis
17
cards
17.4 Cerebrovascular Disease
Cerebrovascular disease,
Global cerebral ischemia causes,
What can cause repeated hypoglycemia
26
cards
17.5 Trauma
Epidural hematoma,
What artery is often ruptured in ...,
What will be seen on ct of an epi...
13
cards
17.6 Demyelinating Disorders
What are the cells that make myel...,
What are the cells that make myel...,
Demyelinating disorders
22
cards
17.7 Dementia and Degenerative Disorders
Degeneration in what area of the ...,
What does degeneration of the cor...,
Alzheimers disease
42
cards
17.8 CNS Tumors
How do metastatic cns tumors present,
What are the cancers that metasta...,
Do primary cns tumors often metas...
30
cards
18.1 Skeletal System
Achondroplasia,
What is the mutation associated w...,
What are the features of achondro...
28
cards
18.2 Bone Tumors
Osteoma,
Gardner syndrome,
Osteoid osteoma
21
cards
18.3 Joints
What is articular cartilage made of,
Degenerative joint disease,
What is the major risk factor for...
25
cards
18.4 Skeletal Muscle
Dermatomyositis,
What can dermatomyositis be assoc...,
What is the presentation of derma...
11
cards
18.5 Neuromuscular Junction
Myasthenia gravis,
What gender is more affected by m...,
What is myasthenia gravis associa...
5
cards
18.6 Soft Tissue Tumors
Lipoma,
Liposarcoma,
What is the most common benign so...
7
cards
19.1 Inflammatory Dermatoses
What is the stem cell layer of th...,
What connects the cells of the st...,
Are there blood vessels in the ep...
27
cards
19.2 Blistering Dermatoses
How are blisters formed,
Pemphigus vulgaris,
What is the ab found in pemphigus...
21
cards
19.3 Epithelial Tumors
Seborrheic keratosis,
Leser trelat sign,
Acanthosis nigricans
16
cards
19.4 Disorders of Pigmentation and Melanocytes
Melanocytes,
What cells are melanocytes derive...,
Where are the melanocytes found
20
cards
19.5 Infectious Disorders
Impetigo,
What is the clinical presentation...,
Cellulitis
10
cards
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Pathoma
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Pathoma
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Chap1 Growth Adaptations, Chap 1 Cellular Injury, Vascular Pathology Vasculitis, And more!
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