14.3 Testicular Tumors

Question 1

What are the types of testicular tumors?

Answer 1

• Germ Cell Tumor

- Sex-Cord Stroma

Question 2

Why are testicular tumors not biopsied?

Answer 2

• Chance of seeding the scrotum

- Most are malignant

Question 3

What is the most common type of testicular cancer?

Answer 3

Germ Cell Tumor

Question 4

What are some risk factors for germ cell tumors of the testicle?

Answer 4

• Cryptorchidism

- Klinefelter’s Syndrome

Question 5

What are the types of testicular GCT?

Answer 5

• Seminoma

- Non-seminoma

Question 6

Seminoma

Answer 6

Malignant tumors of large cells with clear cytoplasm and central nuclei

Question 7

How does seminoma present?

Answer 7

Homogenous mass with no hemorrhage or necrosis

Question 8

What can seminomas produce rarely?

Answer 8

beta-hCG

Question 9

What is the response of seminoma to radiotherapy?

Answer 9

Good response and prognosis

Question 10

Embryonal Carcinoma

Answer 10

Malignant tumor of immature primitive cells that can form glands

Question 11

What is the presentation of embryonal carcinoma?

Answer 11

Hemorrhagic mass with necrosis and is aggressive with early hematogenous spread

Question 12

What markers can be present with embryonal carcinoma?

Answer 12

AFP or beta-hCG

Question 13

Yolk Sac Tumor

Answer 13

Malignant tumor that is the most common testicular GCT seen in children

Question 14

What marker is associated with yolk sac tumors?

Answer 14

AFP

Question 15

What will Shiller-Duval bodies be seen in?

Answer 15

Yolk Sac Tumor

Question 16

Choriocarcinoma

Answer 16

Malignant tumor of synctiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblasts that spreads early via the blood

Question 17

What is the marker associated with choriocarcinoma?

Answer 17

beta-hCG

Question 18

What can beta-hCG in choriocarcinoma cause?

Answer 18

• Hyperthyroidism

- Gynecomastia

Question 19

Teratoma

Answer 19

Tumor of mature fetal tissue that is malignant in males

Question 20

What markers can be associated with teratoma?

Answer 20

AFP or beta-hCG

Question 21

How are GCTs usually seen?

Answer 21

Mixed

Question 22

Are sex-cord stroll tumors usually benign or malignant?

Answer 22

Benign

Question 23

Leydig Cell Tumor

Answer 23

Often produces androgens which can cause precocious puberty or gynecomastia.

Question 24

What is classic on histology for Leydig cell tumors?

Answer 24

Reinke Crystals

Question 25

Sertoli Cell Tumor

Answer 25

Comprised of tubules

Question 26

What is the most common cause of testicular mass in a male greater than 60?

Answer 26

Lymphoma - often diffuse large B-cell type