15.4 Hyperthyroidism Flashcards
Hyperthyroidism
Increased BMR and sympathetic activity due to increased thyroid hormone
How does thyroid hormone increase the BMR?
Increased synthesis of Na/K ATPase
How does thyroid hormone increase sympathetic activity?
Increased expression of ß1-adrenergic receptors
What are the clinical features of hyperthyroidism?
- Weight loss
- Heat intolerance
- Sweating
- Tachycardia
- Tremor
- Hypocholesterolemia
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
Graves Disease
Graves Disease
Auto-Ab IgG that stimulates the TSH receptor and increases the synthesis of thyroid hormone
Who is the most common patient of Graves disease?
Women of childbearing age
What are the clinical findings with Graves disease?
- Hyperthyroidism
- Diffuse goiter
- Pretibial myxedema
- Exophthalmos
What are the lab findings in Graves disease?
- Increased T4
- Decreased TSH
- Hypocholesterolemia
What is the treatment for Graves disease?
- Beta blockers
- Thioamide
- Radioiodine ablation
Thyroid Storm
Elevated catecholamines and massive hormone excess that leads to hyperthermia, arrhythmia and vomiting - hypovolemic shock
What is the treatment for thyroid storm?
- Beta blockers
- Steroids
- PTU
Multinodular Goiter
Enlarged thyroid with multiple nodules due to iodine deficiency
What is “toxic goiter?”
Rare form of multi nodular goiter that causes regions to become TSH independent and secrete thyroid hormone without the control of TSH
