74. Parkinsonisme (3%) - RC Flashcards

1
Q

Lorsqu’on soupçonne une maladie de Parkinson, il faut distinguer entre quoi et quoi ?

A
  • la maladie de Parkinson idiopathique
  • Parkinsonisme (p. ex., maladie qui survient à un âge plus jeune, maladie liée à l’usage des drogues),
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2
Q

Dans le plan de soins des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson, impliquez qui?

A

d’autres professionnels de la santé pour favoriser l’autonomie fonctionnelle du patient.

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3
Q

Chez un patient qui présente un tremblement, faites un examen physique approprié (p. ex., observation, utilisation de techniques pour amplifier le tremblement) afin de distinguer le tremblement de repos associé au parkinsonisme des autres formes de tremblement (p. ex. essentiel).

A
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4
Q

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Dans votre prise en charge des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson, identifiez les effets indésirables des médicaments, notamment ceux avec lesquels vous n’êtes pas familier.

A
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5
Q

Quoi évaluer lors des suivis des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson (3)

A
  • Évaluez leur autonomie fonctionnelle.
  • Surveillez les effets médicamenteux indésirables.
  • Recherchez les problèmes associés (p. ex., dépression, démence, chutes, constipation).
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6
Q

Describe tx non-pharmaco : Parkinson

A
  • Improve quality of life and function
  • Refer to neurology untreated within 6w
  • Physical therapy : Gait, balance, flexibility
  • Occupational therapy : Mobility, self-care, safety
  • Speech therapy : Vocal loudness, swallowing
  • Parkinson Society of Canada / Support Groups
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7
Q

Name 1st-line tx (1)

A

Levodopa/carbidopa (Dopamine precursor)

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8
Q

Name side-effets : Levodopa/carbidopa (objectif #5)

A
  • Trouble du contrôle des impulsions (par exemple, jeu compulsif, hypersexualité, crises de boulimie et achats obsessionnels)
  • Dyskinésie
  • Somnolence
  • HTO/étourdissements
  • Nausées, dyspepsie
  • Symptômes psychotiques et hallucinations
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9
Q

If trembling present + long-term psychiatric medication, consider what dx ?

A

Extra-pyramidal side effect of medication

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10
Q

If trembling present + early cognitive imparment, visual hallucinations, consider what dx ?

A

Dementia with lewy bodies

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11
Q

If trembling present + tremor improves with ROH + no other neuro findings, consider what dx ?

A

Essential tremor
(Does NOT rule out other causes)

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12
Q

If trembling present + past-pointing, dysdiadochokinesia, consider what dx ?

A

Cérébelleux (Sclérose en plaques, AVC, tumeur…)

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13
Q

If trembling present + serum TSH, consider what dx ?

A

Hyperthyroid

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14
Q

If trembling present + Na/Mg/Ca, consider what dx ?

A

Parathyroïde, rein, médicaments

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15
Q

If trembling present + low B12, consider what dx ?

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency

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16
Q

If trembling present + lrecurrent falls / slow vertical gaze, consider what dx ?

A

Paralésie supranucléaire progressive

17
Q

If trembling present + no L-dopa improvement, symmetric, consider what dx ?

A

Atrophie multisystémique

18
Q

Name other tx options

A

Doapmine agonists (non-ergot)
* Pramipexole, Ropinirole
* Rotigotine patch
* Apomorphine pen -injector
MAO inhibitors
* Selegiline, Rasagiline

19
Q

Name non-tremor symptoms

A
  • Constipation (80% of patients)
  • Drooling
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Hypotension
  • Depression /Anxiety
  • Urinary (Overactive bladder, nocturia)

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