50. Immigrants Flashcards

1
Q

Dans le cadre de l’examen médical périodique des nouveaux immigrants,

a) Évaluez l’état de la vaccination (il est possible qu’il ne soit pas à jour).
b) Offrez les vaccins nécessaires.

A
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2
Q

Lorsque confronté à une barrière linguistique, efforcez-vous d’obtenir l’anamnèse à l’aide d’un interprète médical tout en reconnaissant les limites de tous les interprètes.

Nommez des limites

A
  • mentalités différentes
  • connaissances médicales sommaires
  • quelque chose à cacher
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3
Q

Dans la continuité des soins offerts aux immigrants (particulièrement à ceux qui semblent s’adapter difficilement, recherchez quoi ? (3)

A
  • Recherchez une dépression (parce qu’ils sont à risque élevé et vivent fréquemment l’isolement).
  • Recherchez des antécédents de violence ou de torture.
  • Évaluez la disponibilité des réseaux de soutien (p.ex., famille, organismes communautaires).
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4
Q

Chez les immigrants qui consultent pour une nouvelle affection ou une affection qui se poursuit, tenez compte dans votre diagnostic différentiel quoi?

A

des maladies infectieuses acquises avant l’immigration
* malaria
* maladie parasitaire
* tuberculose

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5
Q

Dans la continuité des soins offerts à tous les immigrants, informez-vous de l’utilisation de pratique et/ou de médicaments non conventionnels ou le recours à des praticiens particuliers.

Nommez des examples (5)

A
  • produits « naturels »
  • plantes médicinales
  • guérisseurs spirituels
  • médications provenant de divers pays
  • moxibustion
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6
Q

Describe : Mandatory Immigration Medical Examination (before arriving to Canada) (4)

A
  • Complete physical examination (including vision/hearing screen)
  • > 5yo - Urinalysis for protein, glucose (think diabetes), blood (think shistosomiasis). If abnormal, urine microscopy
  • > 11yo - CXR r/o TB
  • > 15yo or risk factor (eg. known infected mother, unprotected sex) = HIV testing, Syphilis
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7
Q

Describe Hep B screening

A
  • Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and parts of South America
  • Vaccinate susceptible, refer chronic infection for treatment (and consider screen HCC as indicated)
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8
Q

Describe Hep C screening

A
  • Specifically subSaharan Africa [10%]; eastern Europe, especially Uzbekistan and Tajikistan [27%]; Egypt [25%–50%]; Vietnam [10%]; and Pakistan [5-35%]) and exposure to contaminated blood, usually as nosocomial transmission through unscreened blood products, surgery or receipt of intramuscular injections)
  • If positive, vaccinate Hep A/B, limit alcohol and refer for treatment
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9
Q

Describe TB PPD skin test screening

A
  • Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Central and South America, and some in Eastern Europe
  • CXR to rule out active disease
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10
Q

Describe HIV screening

A
  • Sub-Saharan Africa, Caribbean, Thailand
  • Post-test counselling and refer to HIV treatment program
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11
Q

Describe Intestinal parasites screening

A
  • Intestinal parasites if from endemic area, compatible sign/symptoms of infection (asthma) or evidence of peripheral eosinophilia
  • Strongyloides serology (consider in immigrants from Southeast Asia and Africa). If positive, treat with ivermectin (or albendazole)
  • Shistosomiasis serology (Africa). If positive, treat with praziquantel
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12
Q

Describe DM2 screening

A

> 35yo South Asian, Latin American and African

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13
Q

Describe iron-deficiency anemia screening

A

with hemoglobin for women of reproductive age, and children 1-4yo

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14
Q

Name contents of The First Medical Visit in Canada ()

A
  • Medical Interpreter (consider CanTalk - telephone interpreter)
  • Document findings (scars)
  • Medication review, including alternative/herbal remedies
  • Infection : Consider malaria, TB, hepatitis, HIV, parasitic disease in differential
  • Chronic disease
  • Mental Health : Depression, PTSD, Trauma, Culture/tradition/religion/gender roles
  • Women’s health : Contraception, cervical cancer screening, HPV vaccine
  • Vaccination
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15
Q

If positive for sickle cell or thalassemia, consider what vaccination ? (3)

A
  • pneumococcal
  • H influenzaee
  • meningococcal
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