54. Infertility (3%) - RC Flashcards

1
Q

Décrire anamnèse infertilité (3)

A

History (both patient and partner)
* Length of infertility
* Frequency and timing of intercourse
* Difficulties with intercourse
* Previous infertility investigations/treatments
* OBGYN history (Menstrual cycle, STI, previous pregnancies)
* PMH, Fam Hx
* Medications, smoking, alcohol, drugs
* Exposures (Radiation, toxins, surgery)

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2
Q

Investiguer quand l’infertilité ?

A

après un ou deux ans d’essais ; en général, n’investiguez pas trop tôt une infertilité).

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3
Q

Chez les femmes préoccupées par leur fertilité, donnez des conseils sur quoi ?

A

sur le cycle menstruel, les signes d’ovulation et la fertilité.

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4
Q

Les couples plus âgés préoccupés par leur fertilité, référez les où?

A

référez-les plus rapidement pour investigation et traitement, puisque leur probabilité d’infertilité est plus élevée.

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5
Q

Lorsque vous choisissez d’investiguer une infertilité primaire ou secondaire, assurez-vous d’évaluer les deux partenaires.

A
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6
Q

Dans l’évaluation des femmes qui consultent pour infertilité ou anomalies menstruelles, recherchez les signes et symptômes spécifiques de certaines affections.
Nommez des examples

A
  • syndrome des ovaires polykystiques
  • hyperprolactinémie
  • dysthyroïdie
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7
Q

Chez les couples probablement infertiles, discutez de quoi ?

A

de l’adoption au moment opportun. (Souvenez-vous que le processus d’adoption est souvent très long.)

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8
Q

Describe difference primary and secondary infertility

A
  • Primary (no previous pregnancy)
  • Secondary (after previous conception). Always ask about pregnancy with other partners!
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9
Q

When to investigate and refer ?

A
  • > 1 year of trying to conceive (85% will conceive after one year)
  • > 35yo at 6mo
  • > 40yo immediately. Sooner if history of infertility, PID, pelvic surgery/CT/RT (in either partner), recurrent pregnancy loss, moderate-severe endometriosis
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10
Q

Name DDX infertility : Female

A
  • Inflammation : Endometriosis, ectopic, surgery, Crohn’s
  • Infection : PID, chlamydia, ruptured appendix
  • Adhesions : Surgery / intrumentation
  • Anatomic : Septate, arcuate uterus, intracavitary fibroids
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11
Q

Name DDX infertility : Male

A
  • Testicles : Trauma, torsion, surgery, infection, varicocele
  • Sperm : Tobacco, marijuana, hypogonadism, bicycles, laptops
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12
Q

Describe investigation : Infertility

A

Prolactin, TSH
Ovarian reserve testing
Semen analysis
Consider
* Clomiphene citrate challenge test (CCCT)
* AMH (anti-mullerian hormone)
* DHEA
* r/o STI (HIV, Hep B, Hep C, G+C)

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13
Q

Describe : Ovarian reserve testing

A

Day 3 FSH, LH, estradiol
* Ovarian aging if FSH >14IU/L and high estradiol
* Clomiphene challenge has poor predictive value
Mid-Luteal Day 21 (or LMP -7d) progesterone
* Progesterone >5ng/mL (15.9 nmol/L) r/o anovulatory
* Consider repeating progesterone weekly if irregular until menses

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14
Q

Describe imaging : Infertility

A
  • Hysterosalpingography
  • Pelvic U/S (antral follicle count, r/o fibroids, cysts)
  • Hysteroscopy
  • Laparoscopy (endometriosis)
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15
Q

Describe management : Infertility

A
  • Encourage weight loss if BMI >30
  • Stop smoking, drugs, alcohol
  • Anovulatory : Consider Clomifène (citrate de clomifène) on day 3-5
  • Referral to fertility specialist (Ovulation induction, surgical, IVF, sperm/ovarian donation)
  • Consider adoption
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