104. Violent/Aggressive Patient (14%) Flashcards

1
Q

Décrire plan d’action avant d’évaluer un patient agressif (3)

A
  • demeurez près de la porte
  • soyez accompagné d’agents de sécurité ou autre personnel
  • préparez les contentions physiques et/ou chimiques en cas de nécessité
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2
Q

Chez tous les patients violents ou agressifs, y compris les intoxiqués, éliminez toute affection médicale ou psychiatrique sous-jacente (p. ex., hypoxémie, trouble neurologique, schizophrénie) (c.-à-d. n’attendez pas qu’ils soient à jeun, et comprenez bien que le fait de les calmer avec ou sans sédation ne signifie pas nécessairement qu’ils sont mieux).

A
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3
Q

Name organic causes of violent patients (10)

A
  • Hypoxia, hypercarbia
  • Hypoglycemia
  • CNS (injury, hemorrhage, CVA, seizure)
  • Infection (meningitis, encephalitis, sepsis)
  • Metabolic (hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, thiamine deficiency, hypercalcemia)
  • Hyper/hypothermia
  • Liver/renal failure
  • Withdrawal (alcohol, benzodiazepines)
  • Medication/substance (amphetamine, steroids, alcohol)
  • Psychiatric
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4
Q

Name labs : violent patients (10)

A
  • CBC, electrolytes (glucose), LFT, renal function
  • Blood alcohol level, urine drug screen
  • UA, urine culture
  • CT head +/- LP
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5
Q

Describe how to de-escalate (6)

A
  • Empathic nonconfrontational approach, but set boundaries
  • Address agitation directly (name the emotion)
  • Listen to the patient, avoid excessive stimulation
  • Recruit family, friends, case managers to help
  • Address medical issues (pain, discomfort)
  • Ascertain the patient’s wishes and the level of urgency
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6
Q

Name : Indications to Restrain/Sedate

A
  • Prevent harm to patient/other patients/caregiver/staff
  • Prevent serious damage to the environment
  • Assist in assessment and management of patient
  • Never use restraints for convenience
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7
Q

Name possitlbe pharmacological management of violent patient

A
  • Benzodiazepines (avoid in elderly) : Diazepam, lorazepam
  • Antipsychotics : Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, haloperidol
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