Tissues Flashcards
Hyaluronidase
WBCs and sperm use to make matrix liquidy, breaks down hyaluronic acid
glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
trap water in ground substance making connective tissue jelly like
fibronectin
main adhesion protein of connective tissue
collagen fiber
strong and flexible CT fiber, found in bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments
collagen
protein that makes up collagen fiber
elastic fibers
smaller than collagen fibers, form networks, abundant in skin, blood vessel walls, lung tissue
elastin
protein that makes up elastic fibers
fibrillin
surrounds elastic fiber bundles (Marfan syndrom)
reticular fibers
thinnest CT fiber, bundles of collagen surrounded by glycoprotein, provides support for soft organs like spleen, and lymph nodes
hyaluronic acid
GAG that is slippery, lubricates joints and maintains shape of eyeball
chondroitin sulfate
support for skin, cartilage, blood vessels, bone
keratan sulfate
support for bones, skin, cornea of the eye
dermatan sulfate
support for skin, bones, tendons, heart valves
proteoglycans
main foundation of all GAGs except for hyaluronic acid
unicelluclar (goblet) gland
airway, gut
simple tubular gland
large intestine
simple acinar gland
gland of penile urethra
simple branched tubular gland
gastric glands
simple branched acinar gland
sebaceous gland
compound tubular gland
Cowper’s gland
compound acinar gland
mammary gland
compound tubuloacinar gland
pancreas, digestive enzymes
ectoderm is the precursor for which type of tissue
nervous tissue
mesoderm is the precursor for which type of tissue
CT and muscle
endoderm is the precursor for which type of tissue
epithelial lining
which protein is present in gap junctions?
connexins
which proteins make up tight junctions
transmembrane proteins
prevents molecules from passing between cells
what are the components of adherens junctions
cadherins (glycoproteins)
actin (microfilament)
forms a plaque that resists separation of cells
what are the components of desmosomes
cadherins
intermediate filaments (keratin)
prevents cell separation under stress forces
what are the components of hemidesmosomes
integrins (transmembrane glycoproteins) laminin (in basement layer) intermediate filaments (keratin)
locations of tight junctions
BBB
stomach lining
urinary bladder
locations of adherens junctions
epithelial cells
locations of desmosomes
outer layer of epidermis
cardiac muscle cells
locations of hemidesmosomes
basement layer of epithelium
locations of gap junctions
nerve cells
cardiac and smooth muscle
embryonic cells
lens and cornea of eye (avascular)
the basal surface of epithelial tissue contains which two layers
basil lamina (secreted by epithelial cells) reticular lamina (secreted by underlying CT)
what is microvascular disease?
in poorly controlled diabetes, the basement layer of blood vessels becomes thickened it causes -retinopathy -glomerular issues -neuropathy
What is a normal WBC?
5000-10000/uL
Neutrophils
most abundant WBC 60-79% of blood
Lymphocyte
20-25% of WB
Monocytes
3-8% of WB
Eosinophils
2-4% of WB
Basophils
.5-1% of WB
tonofilamen
precursor to the intermediate filament that transforms into keratin as epithelial cells move apical
keratohyalin
the protein that converts the tonofilaments into keratin in the stratum granulosum
epidermal growth factor
speeds up the process of cells becoming keratinized during wound healing
what kind of CT is in the papillary region between the epidermis and dermis?
areolar CT
what is carotene used for?
precursor of vitamin A, which is used to make visual pigment
what does thick skin lack?
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
arrector pili muscle
what does thick skin have more of?
sensory nerve endings and sweat glands
What are the layers of the hair?
- matrix
- medulla
- cortex
- cuticle
- internal/external sheath (epithelial)
- dermal root sheath
lamellar granules
lipid bodies located in the stratum granulosum that give it its waterproofing ability
fibrosis
process of forming scar tissue
-have more collagen and less blood vessels
hypertrophic scar
stays w/in margins of the wound, but is elevated above the wound
