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Medicine > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Hyaluronidase

A

WBCs and sperm use to make matrix liquidy, breaks down hyaluronic acid

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2
Q

glycosaminoglycans (GAG)

A

trap water in ground substance making connective tissue jelly like

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3
Q

fibronectin

A

main adhesion protein of connective tissue

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4
Q

collagen fiber

A

strong and flexible CT fiber, found in bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments

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5
Q

collagen

A

protein that makes up collagen fiber

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6
Q

elastic fibers

A

smaller than collagen fibers, form networks, abundant in skin, blood vessel walls, lung tissue

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7
Q

elastin

A

protein that makes up elastic fibers

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8
Q

fibrillin

A

surrounds elastic fiber bundles (Marfan syndrom)

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9
Q

reticular fibers

A

thinnest CT fiber, bundles of collagen surrounded by glycoprotein, provides support for soft organs like spleen, and lymph nodes

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10
Q

hyaluronic acid

A

GAG that is slippery, lubricates joints and maintains shape of eyeball

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11
Q

chondroitin sulfate

A

support for skin, cartilage, blood vessels, bone

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12
Q

keratan sulfate

A

support for bones, skin, cornea of the eye

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13
Q

dermatan sulfate

A

support for skin, bones, tendons, heart valves

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14
Q

proteoglycans

A

main foundation of all GAGs except for hyaluronic acid

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15
Q

unicelluclar (goblet) gland

A

airway, gut

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16
Q

simple tubular gland

A

large intestine

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17
Q

simple acinar gland

A

gland of penile urethra

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18
Q

simple branched tubular gland

A

gastric glands

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19
Q

simple branched acinar gland

A

sebaceous gland

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20
Q

compound tubular gland

A

Cowper’s gland

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21
Q

compound acinar gland

A

mammary gland

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22
Q

compound tubuloacinar gland

A

pancreas, digestive enzymes

23
Q

ectoderm is the precursor for which type of tissue

A

nervous tissue

24
Q

mesoderm is the precursor for which type of tissue

A

CT and muscle

25
Q

endoderm is the precursor for which type of tissue

A

epithelial lining

26
Q

which protein is present in gap junctions?

A

connexins

27
Q

which proteins make up tight junctions

A

transmembrane proteins

prevents molecules from passing between cells

28
Q

what are the components of adherens junctions

A

cadherins (glycoproteins)
actin (microfilament)
forms a plaque that resists separation of cells

29
Q

what are the components of desmosomes

A

cadherins
intermediate filaments (keratin)
prevents cell separation under stress forces

30
Q

what are the components of hemidesmosomes

A 
integrins (transmembrane glycoproteins)
laminin (in basement layer)
intermediate filaments (keratin)
31
Q

locations of tight junctions

A

BBB
stomach lining
urinary bladder

32
Q

locations of adherens junctions

A

epithelial cells

33
Q

locations of desmosomes

A

outer layer of epidermis

cardiac muscle cells

34
Q

locations of hemidesmosomes

A

basement layer of epithelium

35
Q

locations of gap junctions

A

nerve cells
cardiac and smooth muscle
embryonic cells
lens and cornea of eye (avascular)

36
Q

the basal surface of epithelial tissue contains which two layers

A 
basil lamina (secreted by epithelial cells)
reticular lamina (secreted by underlying CT)
37
Q

what is microvascular disease?

A 
in poorly controlled diabetes, the basement layer of blood vessels becomes thickened
it causes
-retinopathy
-glomerular issues
-neuropathy
38
Q

What is a normal WBC?

A

5000-10000/uL

39
Q

Neutrophils

A

most abundant WBC 60-79% of blood

40
Q

Lymphocyte

A

20-25% of WB

41
Q

Monocytes

A

3-8% of WB

42
Q

Eosinophils

A

2-4% of WB

43
Q

Basophils

A

.5-1% of WB

44
Q

tonofilamen

A

precursor to the intermediate filament that transforms into keratin as epithelial cells move apical

45
Q

keratohyalin

A

the protein that converts the tonofilaments into keratin in the stratum granulosum

46
Q

epidermal growth factor

A

speeds up the process of cells becoming keratinized during wound healing

47
Q

what kind of CT is in the papillary region between the epidermis and dermis?

A

areolar CT

48
Q

what is carotene used for?

A

precursor of vitamin A, which is used to make visual pigment

49
Q

what does thick skin lack?

A

hair follicles
sebaceous glands
arrector pili muscle

50
Q

what does thick skin have more of?

A

sensory nerve endings and sweat glands

51
Q

What are the layers of the hair?

A
  1. matrix
  2. medulla
  3. cortex
  4. cuticle
  5. internal/external sheath (epithelial)
  6. dermal root sheath
52
Q

lamellar granules

A

lipid bodies located in the stratum granulosum that give it its waterproofing ability

53
Q

fibrosis

A

process of forming scar tissue

-have more collagen and less blood vessels

54
Q

hypertrophic scar

A

stays w/in margins of the wound, but is elevated above the wound

Medicine (146 decks)

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