Hypertension

Question 1

Pulse pressure definition

Answer 1

Systolic BP-Diastolic BP

Question 2

Pulse pressure values

Answer 2

normal 30-40
widened >40
narrowed <30

Question 3

Widened pulse pressure (indicates)

Answer 3

aortic regurg
patent ductus arteriosis (heart defect)
AV fistula
beriberi hearth (nutritional)
severe anemia
isolated systolic hypertension (lasts a short time)
thyrotoxicosis
aortic coarctation
emotional state

Question 4

Narrowed pulse pressure (indicates)

Answer 4

tachycardia
ascites (liver fluid in the belly)
pericardial effusion (fluid surrounding the heart)
severe aortic stenosis
constrictive pericarditis

Question 5

HTN is the modifiable risk factor for…

Answer 5

Coronary heart disease
stroke
heart failure
end-stage renal disease
peripheral vascular disease

Question 6

What are the complications of the CNS due to HTN?

Answer 6

intracerebral hemorrhage
lacunar infarcts
encephalopathy
thrombotic stroke
transient ischemic attack

Question 7

What are the ophthalmologic complications due to HTN?

Answer 7

papilledema (swelling of the optic nerve)
exudates
fundal hemorrhage

Question 8

What are the cardiac complications due to HTM?

Answer 8

LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy)
heart failure
angina pectoris (chest pain)
MI

Question 9

What are the vascular complications due to HTN?

Answer 9

aortic dissection (lining of the aorta separates)
diffuse atherosclerosis (poor circulation)

Question 10

What are the renal complications due to HTN?

Answer 10

nephrosclerosis

renal artery stenosis (2ndary HTN is caused by this)

Question 11

aortic coarctation will cause

Answer 11

widened pulse pressure

Question 12

aortic regurg will cause

Answer 12

widened pulse pressure

Question 13

beri beri heart will cause

Answer 13

widened pulse pressure

Question 14

severe anemia will cause

Answer 14

widened pulse pressure AND
large, bounding pulse AND
clubbing

Question 15

thyrotoxicosis will cause

Answer 15

widened pulse pressure

Question 16

altered emotional state will cause

Answer 16

widened pulse pressure

Question 17

aortic stenosis will cause

Answer 17

narrowed pulse pressure AND

small, weak pulses

Question 18

PDA will cause

Answer 18

widened pulse pressure AND

large, bounding pulse

Question 19

barrel chest is associated with

Answer 19

emphysema and men

Question 20

obesity is a risk factor for

Answer 20

DM
heart disease
stroke
HTN
osteoarthritis
some cancers

Question 21

pericardial effusion will cause

Answer 21

narrowed pulse pressure

Question 22

arteriosclerosis

Answer 22

loss of elasticity of large and medium size arteries

Question 23

atherosclerosis

Answer 23

hardening of arteries caused by build up of fatty acids in arteries-causes peripheral arterial disease

Question 24

auscultatory gap may indicate

Answer 24

carotid atherosclerosis or

arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients