Ears Flashcards
what is mass loading?
effusion of the ear
what is stiffness effect?
otosclerosis that leads to stiffness of ossicles
what is discontinuity?
ossicular disruption
which frequency is most affected in presbycusis?
high frequency
what is peripheral audition?
from auricle to cochlea
what is a central audition?
from 8th nerve to brain (involving the nerve)
what is an acoustic neuroma?
benign mass on CN VIII
-presents with unilateral high frequency sensory neural loss
what frequency range can we here?
250 Hz-8000Hz
what is an air-bone gap?
only seen in conductive loss
difference between what the nerve is able to perceive and what they actually hear
what are advantages of contemporary hearing aids?
sensorineural loss
less distortion
small
programmable (tamp down intermediate noise)
what would you use in the case of conductive or profound unilateral sensorineural loss?
bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA)
- stimulates ipsilateral cochlea in conductive loss
- stimulates contralateral cochlea in sensory loss
what would you use in severe or profound sensorineural loss?
cochlear impant
-implanted directly into cochlea and stimulates the auditory nerve
what is the most important job of the eustachian tube?
stabilize the pressure in the middle ear
how does noise induced hearing loss present?
high frequency and bilateral loss
how does ototoxic hearing loss present?
affects hearing and/or balance (vestibular toxic)
-aminoglycosides
-lasics (diuretic)
(higher doses and time of exposure affects outcomes)
how does sudden hearing loss present?
sudden onset
often idiopathic
often caused by a virus that seems to have an affinity for the inner ear (may have hx of URI that resolves)
what is the prognosis of sudden hearing loss?
prompt use of steroids and antivirals may get some hearing back otherwise it is irreversible
-unilateral
how does autoimmune hearing loss present
unilateral
a/w MS, SLE, or other autoimmune process
where are most nosebleeds from?
anterior sites of the kiesselbach’s plexus
what are centor criteria for acute pharyngitis?
- sore throat
- fever
- anterior cervical adenopathy
- exudates
4/4 supports abx use
3/4 supports abx use
anti streptolysin titer does what?
gives indication of previous strep infection
