Ears

Question 1

what is mass loading?

Answer 1

effusion of the ear

Question 2

what is stiffness effect?

Answer 2

otosclerosis that leads to stiffness of ossicles

Question 3

what is discontinuity?

Answer 3

ossicular disruption

Question 4

which frequency is most affected in presbycusis?

Answer 4

high frequency

Question 5

what is peripheral audition?

Answer 5

from auricle to cochlea

Question 6

what is a central audition?

Answer 6

from 8th nerve to brain (involving the nerve)

Question 7

what is an acoustic neuroma?

Answer 7

benign mass on CN VIII

-presents with unilateral high frequency sensory neural loss

Question 8

what frequency range can we here?

Answer 8

250 Hz-8000Hz

Question 9

what is an air-bone gap?

Answer 9

only seen in conductive loss

difference between what the nerve is able to perceive and what they actually hear

Question 10

what are advantages of contemporary hearing aids?

Answer 10

sensorineural loss
less distortion
small
programmable (tamp down intermediate noise)

Question 11

what would you use in the case of conductive or profound unilateral sensorineural loss?

Answer 11

bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA)

• stimulates ipsilateral cochlea in conductive loss
• stimulates contralateral cochlea in sensory loss

Question 12

what would you use in severe or profound sensorineural loss?

Answer 12

cochlear impant

-implanted directly into cochlea and stimulates the auditory nerve

Question 13

what is the most important job of the eustachian tube?

Answer 13

stabilize the pressure in the middle ear

Question 14

how does noise induced hearing loss present?

Answer 14

high frequency and bilateral loss

Question 15

how does ototoxic hearing loss present?

Answer 15

affects hearing and/or balance (vestibular toxic)
-aminoglycosides
-lasics (diuretic)
(higher doses and time of exposure affects outcomes)

Question 16

how does sudden hearing loss present?

Answer 16

sudden onset
often idiopathic
often caused by a virus that seems to have an affinity for the inner ear (may have hx of URI that resolves)

Question 17

what is the prognosis of sudden hearing loss?

Answer 17

prompt use of steroids and antivirals may get some hearing back otherwise it is irreversible
-unilateral

Question 18

how does autoimmune hearing loss present

Answer 18

unilateral

a/w MS, SLE, or other autoimmune process

Question 19

where are most nosebleeds from?

Answer 19

anterior sites of the kiesselbach’s plexus

Question 20

what are centor criteria for acute pharyngitis?

Answer 20

1. sore throat
2. fever
3. anterior cervical adenopathy
4. exudates
   4/4 supports abx use
   3/4 supports abx use

Question 21

anti streptolysin titer does what?

Answer 21

gives indication of previous strep infection