Fluids and Acid/Base Flashcards
which 3 mechanisms are used to eliminate H+?
- buffer systems
- blowing off CO2
- kidney excretion
what do buffer systems do?
temporarily handle strong acids by making them into weak acids
what is the most abundant buffer in the intracellular fluid?
protein (HgB or albumin)`
which buffer works as an important regulator of cytosol?
phosphate
where are the central chemoreceptors located?
medulla
where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?
aorta
carotid
where is hydrogen ion secreted in the tubules?
PCT and collecting ducts
which renal cells are responsible for pumping H+ ions into the tubular fluid?
intercalated cells (apical surface) -can also reabsorb hydrogen ions
what are normal levels of PCO2?
35-45
what are normal levels of bicarb?
22-26
which zone of the hypothalamus is responsible for thirst?
zona incerta
lateral
which cells are a/w ADH?
principle cells of distal DCT and collecting duct
which electrolytes are most abundant in the intracellular space?
K+ Mg+ HPO42- SO42- protein anions
which electrolytes are most abundant in the extracellular fluids?
Na+
Ca2+
Cl-
HCO3-
what is the normal sodium value?
136-148
