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Medicine > Hematology and Anemias > Flashcards

Hematology and Anemias Flashcards

1
Q

hypoproliferation

A

decreased production of RBC

OR produced defective RBC

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2
Q

hemolysis

A

increased destruction of RBC

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3
Q

hemorrhage

A

blood loss produces anemia

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4
Q

erythropoeitin (Epo)

A

produced in the kidney which senses hypoxia

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5
Q

common symptoms of anemia are

A

weakness and fatigue

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6
Q

anemia due to decreased O2 transport presents with

A

fatigue
dsypnea
angina

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7
Q

anemia due to decreased blood volume presents with

A 
pallor
postural hypotension 
syncope
headache
tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
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8
Q

anemia due to decreased cardiac output presents with

A

tachycardia
systolic ejection (heart murmur)
lightheaded

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9
Q

anemia due to hemolysis of RBC presents with

A

jaundice

splenomegaly

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10
Q

3 tests that indicate iron deficiency anemia

A
  1. serum iron
  2. total binding iron capacity (TIBC)
  3. ferritin
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11
Q

serum iron normal value

A

60-170 mcg/dcl

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12
Q

TIBC normal value

A

measurement of transferrin

240-450 mcg/dcl

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13
Q

ferritin normal value

A

measurement of amount of ferritin in blood
male 12-300 ng/ml
female 12-150 ng/ml

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14
Q

site of absorption of iron

A

duodenum and upper jejunum

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15
Q

site of absorption of B12

A

terminal ileum and stored in liver

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16
Q

pernicious anemia

A

lack of intrinsic factor of autoimmune destruction of parietal cells

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17
Q

2 tests to indicate B12 anemia

A
  1. CBC

2. serum B12

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18
Q

normal serum B12 reading

A

160-950 pg/dl

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19
Q

site of absorption of folate/folic acid

A

proximal jejunum

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20
Q

normal range of folate

A

2.7-17.0 ng/ml

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21
Q

test to indicate folate anemia

A

CBC (macrocytic anemia)

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22
Q

chronic GI bleed would have

A

decreased serum iron

decreased ferritin

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23
Q

Heavy menstrual bleeding would have

A

decreased serum iron

decreased ferritin

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24
Q

malabsorption of iron would have

A

decreased serum iron

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25
Q

insufficient dietary iron would have

A

low serum iron

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26
Q

pregnancy would have

A

low serum iron

high TIBC

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27
Q

anemia of chronic disease would have

A

low serum iron
low TIBC
high ferritin

28
Q

iron deficiency anemia would have

A

decreased serum iron
increased TIBC
decreased ferritin

28
Q

hemolytic anemias would have

A

high serum iron
low TIBC (free iron is binding to transferrin)
high ferritin

29
Q

hemosiderosis/hemochromatosis would have

A

high serum iron
high TIBC
high ferritin

30
Q

hepatic necrosis would have

A

high serum iron

31
Q

hepatitis and cirrhosis would have

A

high serum iron
low TIBC
high ferritin

32
Q

vitamin B deficiency would have

A

high serum iron

low TIBC

33
Q

iron poisoning would have

A

high serum iron

34
Q

multiple blood transfusions would have

A

high serum iron

35
Q

sickle cell anemia would have

A

high serum iron

low TIBC

36
Q

hypoproteinemia would have

A

low TIBC

37
Q

Polycythemia vera would have

A

high TIBC

38
Q

Contraceptives (OCPs) could cause

A

high TIBC
low serum B12
low serum folate

39
Q

Hodgkins lymphoma would have

A

high ferritin

40
Q

megaloblastic (macrocytic) anemia would have

A

high ferritin

41
Q

any inflammatory disorder would have

A

high ferritin

42
Q

sideroblastic anemai would have

A

body produces ringed sideroblasts, instead of healthy RBC
high serum iron
normal TIBC
high ferritin

43
Q

vitamin B12 is obtained by the body through

A

dietary sources (meats, cheese, milk and eggs)

44
Q

folate is obtained by the body through

A

dietary sources (leafy greens, liver and eggs)

45
Q

iron deficiency anemia is a

A

microcytic anemia

46
Q

anemia of chronic disease can be

A

microcytic or normoocytic

47
Q

thalassemia is a

A

microcytic anemia

48
Q

sideroblastic anemia is a

A

microcytic anemia

49
Q

lead poisoning is a

A

microcytic anemia

50
Q

renal failure causes

A

normocytic anemia

51
Q

myelodysplastic syndrome causes

A

normocytic and macrocytic anemia

52
Q

endocrinopathy causes

A

normocytic anemia

53
Q

aplastic anemia is a

A

normocytic anemia

54
Q

RBC aplasia is a

A

normocytic anemia

55
Q

myelofibrosis causes

A

normocytic anemia

56
Q

myelophthisis causes

A

normocytic anemia

57
Q

hemolytic anemia with low retic count can be

A

normocytic or macrocytic anemia

58
Q

mixed micro and macrocytic anemia can present as

A

normocytic anemia

59
Q

multiple myeloma causes

A

normocytic anemia

60
Q

pernicious anemia is a

A

macrocytic anemia
specific type of vitamin B deficiency where by parietal cells of the stomach are killed and no longer secrete instrinsic factor which is needed by the ileum to absorb vitamin B

61
Q

folate deficiency is a

A

macrocytic anemia

62
Q

alcohol and drugs causes

A

macrocytic anemia

63
Q

hypothyroidism causes

A

macrocytic anemia

64
Q

liver disease causes

A

macrocytic anemia

Medicine (146 decks)

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