Knee Anatomy

Question 1

what makes up the knee joint?

Answer 1

tibiofemoral joint

patellofemoral joint

Question 2

which condyle is longer?

Answer 2

medial condyle

Question 3

which condyle of the tibia is larger?

Answer 3

medial

Question 4

what are the horns?

Answer 4

open ends of menisci

Question 5

what ligament attaches the anterior portions of each horn?

Answer 5

transverese

Question 6

what do the coronary ligaments do?

Answer 6

attaches menisci to tibial plateau

Question 7

which meniscus has more mobility therefore is less injured?

Answer 7

lateral meniscus

Question 8

which muscle does the lateral meniscus attach to?

Answer 8

popliteus muscle and PCL

Question 9

which muscle does the medial meniscus attach to?

Answer 9

semimembranosus and MCL

Question 10

when do menisci reach adult status?

Answer 10

age 10 yo

Question 11

what is the tibiofemoral angle?

Answer 11

valgus

Question 12

how does genu valgus influence the knee?

Answer 12

inc lateral condyle compression

inc tension on medial condyle

Question 13

how does genu varus influence the knee?

Answer 13

inc medial condyle compression

inc tension on lateral condyle

Question 14

what is the role of menisci?

Answer 14

absorb 60% of compression forces

add congruency

Question 15

which two ligaments help reinforce the CT capsule?

Answer 15

oblique popliteal L

arcuate popliteal L

Question 16

what is the O/I of ACL?

Answer 16

anterior aspect of tibia to lateral femoral condyle

Question 17

what is the O/I of PCL?

Answer 17

posterior tibia to medial femoral condyle

Question 18

what are the main bursa of the knee?

Answer 18

suprapatellar
subpopliteal
gastrocnemius
prepatellar
infrapatellar
ancerine

Question 19

when is the bursa under the least amount of stress?

Answer 19

semiflexed position (makes it preferred position when bursa are inflamed)

Question 20

what is genu recurvatum?

Answer 20

hyperextension at the knee

Question 21

which muscle participates in unlocking of the knee?

Answer 21

popliteus

Question 22

what are the functions of sartorius?

Answer 22

knee flexion

external rotation

Question 23

what are the functions of gracilis?

Answer 23

hip adduction

knee flexor

Question 24

what are the functions of gastrocnemius?

Answer 24

plantar flexion
knee flexion
prevents knee hyperextension

Question 25

what are the O/I of hamstrings?

Answer 25

O: ischial tuberosity
I: biceps femoris-lateral condyle of tibia
semitendinous and membranosus-medial condyle of tibia

Question 26

what are functions of hamstrings?

Answer 26

knee flexion

hip extension

Question 27

what are the O/I of gastroc?

Answer 27

O; post medial and lateral condyles of femur

I: calcaneus

Question 28

what is the pes anserinus?

Answer 28

common tendon of sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

“goose’s neck”

Question 29

what is the O/I of popliteus?

Answer 29

O: post. lateral condyle of femur
I: posterior tibia
fan shaped

Question 30

what is the role of popliteus?

Answer 30

stabilize and unlock the knee

Question 31

what are the knee extensors?

Answer 31

rectus femoris

v. lateralis
v. medialis
v. intermedius

Question 32

what is the Q angle?

Answer 32

line from tibial tuberosity to middle of patella
line from middle of patella to ASIS
should be 15 degrees

Question 33

which quad fibers run more obliquely?

Answer 33

VMO (lower fibers)

Question 34

which is an important muscle in stabalizing the patella?

Answer 34

VMO