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Medicine > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

what kicks off puberty?

A

hypothalamus secretesGnRH which causes anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH

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2
Q

what is the normal position of the uterus called?

A

antevertid

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3
Q

what does the round ligament do?

A

holds uterus forward

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4
Q

which ligament drapes the uterus?

A

broad ligament

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5
Q

which ligament attaches ovaries to the uterus?

A

ovarian ligament

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6
Q

which part of the broad ligament connects to the fallopian tubes?

A

mesosalpinx

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7
Q

which ligament attaches ovaries to the lateral wall?

A

suspensory ligament

-major passageway for blood vessels

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8
Q

what is the capsule of the ovary called?

A

tunica albuginea (dense CT)

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9
Q

what part of the ovary contains CT, blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics?

A

medulla

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10
Q

what type of cells are the germinal epithelium?

A

simple cuboidal

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11
Q

what is the initial cell?

A

oogonia (diploid)

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12
Q

what is oogenesis?

A

formation of gametes in the ovary (begins before birth in females)

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13
Q

how many layers of follicular cells surround primordial oocytes?

A

one layer

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14
Q

what is the zona pellucida?

A

surrounding capsule of oocyte that contains glycoproteins

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15
Q

where would you find theca folliculi?

A

late stage of primary follicle

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16
Q

when does the antrum begin to develop?

A

secondary follicle

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17
Q

what does the theca externa do?

A

secretes estrogen

18
Q

when does the completion of meiosis take place during follicule maturation?

A

secondary follicle

19
Q

what is the main hormone that the corpus luteum secretes?

A

progesterone (to maintain pregnancy)

20
Q

where does fertilization occur?

A

outer third of fallopian tube (ampulla)

21
Q

what does the fimbriae do?

A

sweeps oocyte into fallopian tube

22
Q

what is the infundibulum of the fallopian tube?

A

first part after the fimbriae (ciliated cells)

23
Q

what is the interstitial segment?

A

thin area between fallopian tube and uterus

24
Q

what is the vesicouterine pouch?

A

pouch between bladder and uterus

25
Q

what is the rectouterine pouch?

A

pouch between rectum and uterus (pouch of douglas)

26
Q

what is the role of progesterone?

A

proliferation of vasculature

27
Q

what is the stratum functionalis?

A

is what is sloughs off during menstruation

28
Q

what does the mucous do around the time of ovulation?

A

becomes less viscous and more alkaline

29
Q

at what phase of meiosis do primary oocytes stop prior to puberty?

A

prophase I

30
Q

what layers does the theca folliculi form in the secondary follicle?

A 
theca interna (secretes estrogen)
theca externa (stromal cells/collagen)
31
Q

what happens to the oocyte when it forms a graafian follicle?

A

completes meiosis I (1 haploid cells + 1 polar bodies)

32
Q

what stage of meiosis II does the oocyte stop at prior to fertilization?

A

metaphase II

33
Q

what is the corona radiata?

A

granulosa cells that become firmly attached to the oocyte

34
Q

in addition to progesterone, what hormones does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

relaxin

inhibin

35
Q

what is the role of the cardinal ligament?

A

holds cervix in place (from pelvic wall to cervix and vagina)

36
Q

which artery supplies the uterus?

A

branch of internal illiac artery

37
Q

what is the progression of arteries that penetrate into the uterine tissue?

A

arcuate
radial
straight arterioles (supply basalis)
spiral arterioles (supply functionalis)

38
Q

how does cervical mucous change during ovulation?

A

becomes more alkaline

39
Q

what is the most abundant form of estrogen in non-pregnant women?

A

beta-estradiol

40
Q

what action stimulates stratum functionalis to slough?

A

prostaglandins cause uterine spiral arterioles to constrict which cuts off nutrients

41
Q

what hormones do follicles release?

A

estrogens
inhibin
progesterone
relaxin

42
Q

what does the corpus luteum become?

A

a blood clot

Medicine (146 decks)

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