Renal Studies

Question 1

glomerular filtration rate

Answer 1

ability of the kidneys to clear out waste products

Question 2

what is a normal GFR per day?

Answer 2

150-250 L/24 hrs

Question 3

why do we measure kidney function with creatinine?

Answer 3

it is always being sloughed off from muscles

Question 4

low level of creatinine in urine means

Answer 4

low kidney function

Question 5

what are the three ways to estimate GFR?

Answer 5

1. Cockcroft-Gault formula
2. MDRD (modification of diet in renal dz)-best estimate
3. 24 hr urine

Question 6

what does MDRD help to differentiate?

Answer 6

race and gender and age

• AA progress slower
• males have higher protein

Question 7

what does Cockcroft-Gault help to differentiate?

Answer 7

male/female and age

Question 8

how is ESRD defined?

Answer 8

on dialysis or GFR of <15%

Question 9

what is the formula for Cockcroft-Gault?

Answer 9

[(140-age) x wt (kg)] / (Plasma Cr x 72)

Question 10

what do you multiple Cockcroft-Gault times to adjust for female?

Answer 10

0.85

Question 11

what is a restriction of Cockcroft-Gault?

Answer 11

overestimates GFR in obese and edemous patients

Question 12

what has to happen when pt turns in a 24 hour urine specimen

Answer 12

get serum Cr!!!!!!!!!!!

Question 13

what is the Cr clearance equation?

Answer 13

(UCr x Uv) / (SCr x time (1440 minutes))

Question 14

what is an acceptable proteinuria value?

Answer 14

< 150mg/24hrs

Question 15

what is acceptable proteinuria value for DM pts?

Answer 15

<30mg/ 24hr

Question 16

what is the nephrotic range of proteinuria?

Answer 16

> 3.5 g / 24 hrs

Question 17

which spot test will you order with high risk pt with negative dipstick?

Answer 17

albumin-creatinine ratio

normal is < 30

Question 18

which spot test will you order with positive dipstick?

Answer 18

protein-creatinine ratio